ArticleJournal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR2022
Extracellular vesicle IL-32 promotes the M2 macrophage polarization and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via FAK/STAT3 pathway.
Article in Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Framework of Host Innate and Adaptive Immunological Pathways.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Unveiling novel macrophage-specific biomarkers in MASH through single-cell sequencing for diagnostic modeling.Journal of lipid research · 2026Article
- Piperlongumine inhibits the proliferation and migration of non-small cell lung cancer cells through the EGFR/FAK/STAT3 pathway.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Spatial transcriptomics identifies IL-32 as a lipid droplet-associated cytokine linked to tubular injury in human diabetic kidney disease.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Monocyte-Macrophage Lineages in Cancer: Biology, Plasticity, and Therapeutic Targeting.Cancer biome and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Development and validation of an m6A and autophagy related lncRNAs signature for predicting survival and modulating the immune microenvironment in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The Emerging Role of Interleukin-32 in HIV-Associated Cardiovascular Comorbidities: A Mini Review.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Norcantharidin promotes M1 macrophage polarization and suppresses colorectal cancer growth.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2025Article
- Focal adhesion kinase-mediated interaction between tumor and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer-associated therapies and tumor progression.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Interleukin-32: a Pandora's box in human immunodeficiency virus infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Dual Targeting of Inflammatory and Immune Checkpoint Pathways to Overcome Radiotherapy Resistance in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- The integrin adhesome and control of anti-tumour immunity.Biochemical Society transactions · 2024Review
- mTOR activation induces endolysosomal remodeling and nonclassical secretion of IL-32 via exosomes in inflammatory reactive astrocytes.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Review
- Prognostic value of genomic mutation signature associated with immune microenvironment in southern Chinese patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- IL-32 production from lung adenocarcinoma cells is potentially involved in immunosuppressive microenvironment.Medical molecular morphology · 2024Article
- Mechanisms of tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment formation in esophageal cancer.World journal of gastroenterology · 2024Review
- Cathepsin L promotes oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma development and may be associated with tumour-associated macrophages.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Development of LAG-3/FGL1 blocking peptide and combination with radiotherapy for cancer immunotherapy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Article
- Phellinus linteus activates Treg cells via FAK to promote M2 macrophage polarization in hepatocellular carcinoma.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMetastasis is the leading cause of mortality in human cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). As a pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-32 was reported to be a poor prognostic factor in many cancers. However, the role of IL-32 in ESCC metastasis remains unknown.
methodsESCC cells with ectopic expression or knockdown of IL-32 were established and their effects on cell motility were detected. Ultracentrifugation, Transmission electron microscopy and Western blot were used to verify the existence of extracellular vesicle IL-32 (EV-IL-32). Coculture assay, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and in vivo lung metastasis model were performed to identify how EV-IL-32 regulated the crosstalk between ESCC cells and macrophages.
resultsHere, we found that IL-32 was overexpressed and positively correlated to lymph node metastasis of ESCC. IL-32 was significantly higher in the tumor nest compared with the non-cancerous tissue. We found that IL-32β was the main isoform and loaded in EV derived from ESCC cells. The shuttling of EV-IL-32 derived from ESCC cells into macrophages could promote the polarization of M2 macrophages via FAK-STAT3 pathway. IL-32 overexpression facilitated lung metastasis and was positively correlated with the proportion of M2 macrophages in tumor microenvironment.
conclusionsTaken together, our results indicated that EV-IL-32 derived from ESCC cell line could be internalized by macrophages and lead to M2 macrophage polarization via FAK-STAT3 pathway, thus promoting the metastasis of ESCC. These findings indicated that IL-32 could serve as a potential therapeutic target in patients with ESCC.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.