Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35427522›Full record

ArticleThe Lancet. Global health2022

National tuberculosis spending efficiency and its associated factors in 121 low-income and middle-income countries, 2010-19: a data envelopment and stochastic frontier analysis.

Gerard Joseph Abou Jaoude, Ines Garcia Baena, Peter Nguhiu, Andrew Siroka, Tom Palmer, Lara Goscé, Kasim Allel, Edina Sinanovic, Jolene Skordis, Hassan Haghparast-Bidgoli

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Article in The Lancet. Global health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  17. Phytochemicals and Vitamin D for a Healthy Life and Prevention of Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Gerard Joseph Abou JaoudeInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK. Electronic address: gerard.jaoude.15@ucl.ac.uk.
Ines Garcia BaenaWorld Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Peter NguhiuKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) Wellcome Trust, Nairobi, Kenya.
Andrew SirokaWorld Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Tom PalmerInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.
Lara GoscéInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.
Kasim AllelInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK; Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Edina SinanovicHealth Economics Unit, School of Public Health & Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Jolene SkordisInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.
Hassan Haghparast-BidgoliInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMaximising the efficiency of national tuberculosis programmes is key to improving service coverage, outcomes, and progress towards End TB targets. We aimed to determine the overall efficiency of tuberculosis spending and investigate associated factors in 121 low-income and middle-income countries between 2010 and 2019.

methodsIn this data envelopment and stochastic frontier analysis, we used data from the WHO Global TB report series on tuberculosis spending as the input and treatment coverage as the output to estimate tuberculosis spending efficiency. We investigated associations between 25 independent variables and overall efficiency.

findingsWe estimated global tuberculosis spending efficiency to be between 73·8% (95% CI 71·2-76·3) and 87·7% (84·9-90·6) in 2019, depending on the analytical method used. This estimate suggests that existing global tuberculosis treatment coverage could be increased by between 12·3% (95% CI 9·4-15·1) and 26·2% (23·7-28·8) for the same amount of spending. Efficiency has improved over the study period, mainly since 2015, but a substantial difference of 70·7-72·1 percentage points between the most and least efficient countries still exists. We found a consistent significant association between efficiency and current health expenditure as a share of gross domestic product, out-of-pocket spending on health, and some Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicators such as universal health coverage.

interpretationTo improve efficiency, treatment coverage will need to be increased, particularly in the least efficient contexts where this might require additional spending. However, progress towards global End TB targets is slow even in the most efficient countries. Variables associated with TB spending efficiency suggest efficiency is complimented by commitments to improving health-care access that is free at the point of use and wider progress towards the SDGs. These findings support calls for additional investment in tuberculosis care.

fundingNone.

Indexed as

Developing CountriesTuberculosisGlobal HealthGross Domestic ProductHealth ExpendituresHumansUniversal Health Insurance

Identifiers

PMID35427522
PMCPMC9023749

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.