ReviewArchives of pharmacal research2022
mRNA vaccines: the most recent clinical applications of synthetic mRNA.
Review in Archives of pharmacal research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transdermal Delivery of an mRNA-Liposome Vaccine via Dissolving Microneedle to Preserve Vaccine Activity and Enhance Immune Activation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Optimizing mouse models for mRNA vaccines: addressing dose translation challenges.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Computational Design of an mRNA Vaccine Targeting LRP6 for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Therapy.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- mRNA vaccines for viral diseases: mechanism, advances, and future perspective.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- A Comprehensive Review of Vaccine Development: From Traditional Platforms to Messenger RNA (mRNA) Technologies.Cureus · 2026Review
- Innovations in mRNA-Based Nanoparticle for the Treatment of Ocular Disorders: A Comprehensive Review.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Intravaginal delivery of mRNA-encoded antibodies with enhanced breadth and potency for SHIV/HIV protection.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Review
- Potential of MRNA vaccines for mpox prevention: current evidence and future directions.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- pDNA Impurities in mRNA Vaccines.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- An mRNA Vaccine Targeting the C-Terminal Region of P1 Protein Induces an Immune Response and Protects AgainstInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Next-Generation Vaccine Platforms: Integrating Synthetic Biology, Nanotechnology, and Systems Immunology for Improved Immunogenicity.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Neoantigen-based mRNA vaccine exhibits superior anti-tumor activity compared to synthetic long peptides in an in vivo lung carcinoma model.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Unleashing the potential of mRNA: Overcoming delivery challenges with nanoparticles.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2025Review
- Applications of microfluidics in mRNA vaccine development: A review.Biomicrofluidics · 2024Review
- Progress and prospects of mRNA-based drugs in pre-clinical and clinical applications.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Advances in mRNA LNP-Based Cancer Vaccines: Mechanisms, Formulation Aspects, Challenges, and Future Directions.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Effective Synthesis of mRNA during In Vitro Transcription with Fewer Impurities Produced.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Improvement of Therapeutic Effect via Inducing Non-Apoptotic Cell Death Using mRNA-Protection Nanocage.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Synthetic mRNA has been considered as an emerging biotherapeutic agent for the past decades. Recently, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to the first clinical use of synthetic mRNA. mRNA vaccines showed far surpassing influences on the public as compared to other vaccine platforms such as viral vector vaccines and recombinant protein vaccines. It allowed rapid development and production of vaccines that have never been achieved in history. Synthetic mRNA, called in vitro transcribed (IVT) mRNA, is the key component of mRNA vaccines. It has several advantages over conventional gene-expressing systems such as plasmid DNA and viral vectors. It can translate proteins in the cytoplasm by structurally resembling natural mRNA and exhibit various protein expression patterns depending on how it is engineered. Another advantage is that synthetic mRNA enables fast, scalable, and cost-effective production. Therefore, starting with the mRNA vaccine, synthetic mRNA is now in the spotlight as a promising new drug development agent. In this review, we will summarize the latest IVT mRNA technology such as new mRNA structures or large-scale production. In addition, the nature of the innate immunogenicity of IVT mRNA will be discussed along with its roles in the development of vaccines. Finally, the principles of the mRNA vaccine and the future direction of synthetic mRNA will be provided.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.