ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2022
A multicenter retrospective study assessing progression of biliary sludge in dogs using ultrasonography.
Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ultrasonographic Gallbladder Findings and Bile Culture Results in Dogs with Extrahepatic Biliary Disorders: A Retrospective Exploratory Case Series.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Characteristics and outcomes of dogs undergoing cholecystectomy for diseases other than a mature gallbladder mucocele: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Serum Liposoluble Vitamins (A, D, E) in Dogs with Chronic Biliary Tract Diseases Versus Healthy Dogs.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Choledochal Stenting for Treatment of Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction in Dogs with Ruptured Gallbladder: 2 Cases.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Nutritional Factors Related to Canine Gallbladder Diseases-A Scoping Review.Veterinary sciences · 2024Review
- An Association between Pancreatic and Cholestatic Biliary Disorders in Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- A multicenter retrospective study assessing progression of biliary sludge in dogs using ultrasonography.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBiliary sludge (BS) frequently is identified on ultrasonographic examination and is described as incidental. It is hypothesized that biliary stasis and hypersecretion play a role in both BS and gallbladder mucocele (GBM) formation. Recent studies have documented similarities in composition of BS and GBM, and there are several examples of progression from BS to GBM in the veterinary literature.
objectivesTo assess the relationship between the presence of BS and later development of GBM in dogs, over time periods >12 months. ANIMALS: A total of 154 dogs with BS and ultrasonographic follow-up >12 months.
methodsMedical records were retrospectively collected from 9 UK-based referral centers for all available time points. A semiobjective scoring system was used to track volume of BS within the gall bladder (GB) over time.
resultsTwenty dogs developed GBM during the study period. Shetland Sheepdogs (odds ratio [OR], 40.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.61-465.95; P = .003) and Border Terriers (OR, 11.66; 95% CI, 3.28-46.63; P < .001) were independent risk factors for the development of GBM. Non-gravity-dependent BS (NDBS) was noted to form before GBM development in 9/20 dogs, and breeds at-risk for GBM were more likely to have NDBS. Odds for the development of GBM increased with BS score. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Dogs with NDBS may be at risk for the development of GBM and a stratified BS scoring system could allow for semiobjective monitoring over time, particularly in at-risk breeds.
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