Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35425833›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in veterinary science2022

Immune Tolerance vs. Immune Resistance: The Interaction Between Host and Pathogens in Infectious Diseases.

Hafiz Ishfaq Ahmad, Abdul Jabbar, Nadia Mushtaq, Zainab Javed, Muhammad Umar Hayyat, Javaria Bashir, Iqra Naseeb, Zain Ul Abideen, Nisar Ahmad, Jinping Chen

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Observational
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Synergistic roles of NFATc1 and c-Jun in immunomodulation.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Differential expression ofVeterinary world · 2025
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Inflammatory and neuropathological responses toFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Hafiz Ishfaq AhmadDepartment of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Abdul JabbarDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Nadia MushtaqDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Zainab JavedInstitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Muhammad Umar HayyatInstitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Javaria BashirDepartment of Medical Sciences, Sharif Medical and Dental Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
Iqra NaseebInstitute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Zain Ul AbideenDepartment of Zoology, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan.
Nisar AhmadDepartment of Livestock Management, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pattoki, Pakistan.
Jinping ChenGuangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences · PKCMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry · PKGhazi University · PKInstitute of Zoology · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The immune system is most likely developed to reduce the harmful impact of infections on the host homeostasis. This defense approach is based on the coordinated activity of innate and adaptive immune system components, which detect and target infections for containment, killing, or expulsion by the body's defense mechanisms. These immunological processes are responsible for decreasing the pathogen burden of an infected host to maintain homeostasis that is considered to be infection resistance. Immune-driven resistance to infection is connected with a second, and probably more important, defensive mechanism: it helps to minimize the amount of dysfunction imposed on host parenchymal tissues during infection without having a direct adverse effect on pathogens. Disease tolerance is a defensive approach that relies on tissue damage control systems to prevent infections from causing harm to the host. It also uncouples immune-driven resistance mechanisms from immunopathology and disease, allowing the body to fight infection more effectively. This review discussed the cellular and molecular processes that build disease tolerance to infection and the implications of innate immunity on those systems. In addition, we discuss how symbiotic relationships with microbes and their control by particular components of innate and adaptive immunity alter disease tolerance to infection.

Indexed as

adaptive immunitydisease resistanceimmune toleranceinfectious diseasespathogens

Identifiers

PMID35425833
PMCPMC9001959
OpenAlexW4220890404

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.