Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35422529›Full record

ArticleNature human behaviour2022

Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample.

Bence Bago, Marton Kovacs, John Protzko, Tamas Nagy, Zoltan Kekecs, Bence Palfi, Matus Adamkovic, Sylwia Adamus, Sumaya Albalooshi, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir and 260 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature human behaviour, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Beyond Trolleyology: The CNI Model of Moral-Dilemma Responses.Personality and social psychology review : an official journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. The dual-process theory of moral judgment does not deny that people can make compromise judgments.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Breakdown of utilitarian moral judgement after basolateral amygdala damage.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

270 authors.

Bence BagoInstitute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, Toulouse, France. bencebagok@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6905-1832
Marton KovacsInstitute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8142-8492
John ProtzkoUniversity of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5710-8635
Tamas NagyInstitute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5244-0356
Zoltan KekecsInstitute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9247-9781
Bence PalfiSchool of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-8792
Matus AdamkovicInstitute of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovakia.
Sylwia AdamusInstitute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7399-8735
Sumaya AlbalooshiUniversity of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3826-4795
Nihan Albayrak-AydemirLondon School of Economics and Political Science & Open University, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3412-4311
Ilham N AlfianUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Sinan AlperYaşar University, İzmir, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9051-0690
Sara Alvarez-SolasUniversidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Grupo de Biogeografía y Ecología Espacial (BioGeoE2), Napo, Ecuador.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8267-9816
Sara G AlvesCenter for Psychology at University of Porto, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6792-2614
Santiago AmayaDepartment of Philosophy, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1714-6482
Pia K AndresenRadboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8060-6448
Gulnaz AnjumDepartment of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2589-7884
Daniel AnsariDepartment of Psychology and The Brain and Mind Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7625-618X
Patrícia ArriagaIscte-University Institute of Lisbon, CIS-IUL, Lisbon, Portugal.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5766-0489
John Jamir Benzon R ArutaDe La Salle University, Manila, Philippines.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4155-1063
Alexios ArvanitisDepartment of Psychology, University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3379-0286
Peter BabincakInstitute of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovakia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3407-6631
Krystian BarzykowskiInstitute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4016-3966
Bana BashourDepartment of Philosophy, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0299-9084
Ernest BaskinSaint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9484-2839
Luisa BatalhaSchool of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8052-4039
Carlota BatresDepartment of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3833-7667
Jozef BavolarDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0179-7261
Fatih BayrakBaşkent University, Ankara, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6350-6234
Benjamin BeckerThe Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9014-9671
Maja BeckerCLLE, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1187-1699
Anabel BelausInstituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (IIPsi, Conicet-UNC), Córdoba, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9657-8496
Michał BiałekInstutute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5062-5733
Ennio BilanciniIMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2027-3992
Daniel BollerUniversity of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Leonardo BoncinelliDepartment of Economics and Management, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-5133
Jordane BoudesseulFacultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7920-4812
Benjamin T BrownGeorgia Gwinnett College, Lawrenceville, GA, USA.
Erin M BuchananHarrisburg University of Science and Technology, Harrisburg, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9689-4189
Muhammad M ButtGovernment College University, Lahore, Pakistan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5271-111X
Dustin P CalvilloDepartment of Psychology, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6747-9605
Nate C CarnesDepartment of Psychology, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4385-8827
Jared B CelnikerDepartment of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5123-8455
Christopher R ChartierDepartment of Psychology, Ashland University, Ashland, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4568-4827
William J ChopikDepartment of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1748-8738
Poom ChotikavanFaculty of Psychology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Hu Chuan-PengSchool of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7503-5131
Rockwell F ClancyDepartment of Values, Technology, and Innovation, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7797-7835
Ogeday ÇokerDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7757-4542
Rita C CorreiaCenter for Psychology at University of Porto, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8836-5199
Vera Cubela AdoricDepartment of Psychology, University of Zadar, Zadar, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4752-4541
Carmelo P CubillasDepartment of Experimental Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2012-7071
Stefan CzoschkeInstitute of Medical Psychology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7863-8272
Yalda DaryaniDepartment of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6463-9845
Job A M de GrefteFaculty of Philosophy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2433-952X
Wieteke C de VriesMarketing Department, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1511-0424
Elif G Demirag BurakDepartment of Psychology, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9974-8956
Carina DiasFaculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Barnaby J W DixsonThe School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0911-1244
Xinkai DuDepartment of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4158-7878
Francesca DumančićDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1604-1726
Andrei DumbravăAlexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iași, Romania.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7981-8707
Natalia B DutraLaboratório de Evolução do Comportamento Humano, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0766-0795
Janina EnachescuDepartment of Occupational, Economic and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Celia Esteban-SernaDivision of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4965-1173
Luis EudaveSchool of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3490-0723
Thomas R EvansSchool of Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, Greenwich, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6670-0718
Gilad FeldmanDepartment of Psychology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2812-6599
Fatima M FelisbertiPsychology Department, Kingston University London, London, UK.
Susann FiedlerVienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria.
Andrej FindorFaculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5896-6989
Alexandra FleischmannSocial Cognition Center Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8290-4561
Francesco ForoniSchool of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4702-3678
Radka FrancováDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
Darius-Aurel FrankDepartment of Management, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1577-7352
Cynthia H Y FuSchool of Psychology, University of East London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4313-3500
Shan GaoSchool of Foreign Languages, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7424-476X
Omid GhasemiDepartment of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7511-5580
Ali-Reza Ghazi-NooriSchool of Psychology, University of East London, London, UK.
Maliki E GhossainyWheelock College of Education and Human Development, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-215X
Isabella GiammussoDepartment of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-8810
Tripat GillLazaridis School of Business and Economics, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9839-4113
Biljana GjoneskaMacedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, North Macedonia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1200-6672
Mario GollwitzerDepartment of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4310-4793
Aurélien GratonLIP/PC2S, Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, Chambéry, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7533-576X
Maurice GrinbergDepartment of Cognitive Science and Psychology, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9208-519X
Agata Groyecka-BernardInstutute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.
Elizabeth A HarrisDepartment of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Andree HartantoSchool of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore.
Widad A N M HassanSchool of Psychology, University of East London, London, UK.
Javad HatamiDepartment of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Katrina R HeimarkInstituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1911-6754
Jasper J J HiddingUniversity of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3682-9211
Evgeniya HristovaDepartment of Cognitive Science and Psychology, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8127-8562
Matej HruškaFaculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4521-3697
Charlotte A HudsonDepartment of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3957-6141
Richard HuskeyDepartment of Communication, Center for Mind and Brain, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4559-2439
Ayumi IkedaGraduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1688-2875
Yoel InbarUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3176-3727
Gordon P D IngramDepartment of Psychology, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2337-0381
Ozan IslerSchool of Economics and Finance, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-2230
Chris IsloiUnaffiliated Researcher, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5295-287X
Aishwarya IyerMontfort College, Bengaluru, India.
Bastian JaegerTilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4398-9731
Steve M J JanssenSchool of Psychology, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3100-128X
William Jiménez-LealDepartment of Psychology, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8824-5269
Biljana JokićLaboratory for Research of Individual Differences, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0829-4037
Pavol KačmárDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0076-1945
Veselina KadrevaDepartment of Cognitive Science and Psychology, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Gwenaël KaminskiCLLE, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5300-5655
Farzan Karimi-MalekabadiDepartment of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3381-7071
Arno T A KasperUniversity of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2642-0148
Keith M KendrickThe Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0371-5904
Bradley J KennedySchool of Psychology, University of Chester, Chester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4636-2210
Halil E KocalarDepartment of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7299-162X
Rabia I KodapanakkalTilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3113-332X
Marta KowalInstutute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9050-1471
Elliott KruseEGADE Business School, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4132-4055
Lenka KučerováDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
Anton KühbergerUniversity of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5786-5943
Anna O KuzminskaFaculty of Management, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-4549
Fanny LalotUniversity of Kent, Canterbury, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1237-5585
Claus LammDepartment of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5422-0653
Joris LammersSocial Cognition Center Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2647-121X
Elke B LangeDepartment of Music, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8928-3718
Anthony LantianDépartement de Psychologie, Laboratoire Parisien de Psychologie Sociale, UPL, University Paris Nanterre, Paris, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7855-3914
Ivy Y-M LauSchool of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0036-2477
Ljiljana B LazarevicLaboratory for Research of Individual Differences, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1629-3699
Marijke C LeliveldMarketing Department, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4455-5668
Jennifer N LenzDepartment of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria.
Carmel A LevitanOccidental College, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5403-444X
Savannah C LewisDepartment of Psychology, Ashland University, Ashland, OH, USA.
Manyu LiUniversity of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8324-5868
Yansong LiReward, Competition and Social Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9080-507X
Haozheng LiInstitute of Applied Psychology, School of Public Administration, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
Tiago J S LimaDepartment of Social and Work Psychology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8840-4285
Samuel LinsFaculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6824-4691
Marco Tullio LiuzzaDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6708-1253
Paula LopesFaculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Jackson G LuMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0144-9171
Trent LyndsDepartment of Psychology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9812-3636
Martin MáčelDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7208-4010
Sean P MackinnonDepartment of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0921-9589
Madhavilatha MagantiAshoka University, Haryana, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7776-8048
Zoe Magraw-MickelsonDepartment of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2951-0501
Leon F MagsonDepartment of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
Harry ManleyFaculty of Psychology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9533-9207
Gabriela M MarcuDepartment of Psychology, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2508-3749
Darja Masli SeršićDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Celine-Justine MatibagLancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
Alan D A MattiassiGAME Science Research Center, Lucca, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9996-0700
Mahdi MazidiCentre for the Advancement of Research on Emotion, School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0039-8229
Joseph P McFallDepartment of Psychology, State University of New York at Fredonia, Fredonia, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1222-2271
Neil McLatchieLancaster University, Lancaster, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5964-1262
Michael C MensinkPsychology Department, University of Wisconsin-Stout, Menomonie, WI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9019-5195
Lena MikettaMax Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8002-0738
Taciano L MilfontSchool of Psychology, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6838-6307
Alberto MirisolaDepartment of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7591-1058
Michal MisiakInstutute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6892-3325
Panagiotis MitkidisDepartment of Management, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9495-7369
Mehrad Moeini-JazaniUniversity of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5572-4431
Arash MonajemDepartment of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0810-9890
David MoreauSchool of Psychology and Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1957-1941
Erica D MusserFlorida International University, Miami, FL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0966-4068
Erita NarhetaliUniversitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7195-726X
Danielle P OchoaDepartment of Psychology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9914-9590
Jerome OlsenMax Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7812-7322
Nicholas C OwsleyBusara Center for Behavioral Economics, Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7898-6947
Asil A ÖzdoğruÜsküdar University, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4273-9394
Miriam PanningMaastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Marietta Papadatou-PastouNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-4003
Neha ParasharMontfort College, Bengaluru, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1399-9776
Philip PärnametsNew York University, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8360-9097
Mariola Paruzel-CzachuraInstitute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8716-9778
Michal ParzuchowskiCenter for Research on Cognition and Behavior, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Sopot, Sopot, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8960-0277
Julia V PaterliniDepartment of Psychology, Ashland University, Ashland, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0627-024X
Jeffrey M PavlacicDepartment of Psychology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7707-1224
Mehmet PekerEge University, Bornova, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9837-892X
Kim PetersDepartment of Management, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8091-8636
Liudmila PiatnitckaiaLomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7800-8887
Isabel PintoCenter of Psychology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Monica Renee PolicarpioDepartment of Psychology, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2271-0444
Nada Pop-JordanovaMacedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, North Macedonia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5738-8558
Annas J PratamaUniversitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Maximilian A PrimbsRadboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3398-5569
Ekaterina ProniziusDepartment of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1446-196X
Danka PurićLaboratory for Research of Individual Differences, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5126-3781
Elisa PuviaDepartment of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Vahid QamariDepartment of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2385-1521
Kun QianInstitute of Decision Science for a Sustainable Society, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0625-1834
Alain QuiamzadeUniversity of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Beáta RáczováDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2110-0871
Diego A ReineroDepartment of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6124-2623
Ulf-Dietrich ReipsResearch Methods, Assessment, and iScience, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1566-4745
Cecilia ReynaInstituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (IIPsi, Conicet-UNC), Córdoba, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6097-4961
Kimberly ReynoldsDepartment of Psychology, Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-8870
Matheus F F RibeiroUniversity of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3507-4662
Jan P RöerWitten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7774-3433
Robert M RossDepartment of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8711-1675
Petros RoussosDepartment of Psychology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1465-2117
Fernando Ruiz-DodobaraInstituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1587-5996
Susana Ruiz-FernandezFOM University of Applied Sciences, Essen, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1709-1506
Bastiaan T RutjensUniversity of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3163-4156
Katarzyna RybusCenter for Research on Cognition and Behavior, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Sopot, Sopot, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6536-8701
Adil SamekinM. Narikbayev KAZGUU University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
Anabela C SantosIscte-University Institute of Lisbon, CIS-IUL, Lisbon, Portugal.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7963-8397
Nicolas SayPrague University of Economics and Business, Prague, Czechia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1560-9260
Christoph SchildUniversity of Siegen, Siegen, Germany.
Kathleen SchmidtSchool of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9946-5953
Karolina A ŚcigałaAarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
MohammadHasan SharifianDepartment of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6477-6233
Jiaxin ShiDepartment of Psychology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-926X
Yaoxi ShiImperial College Business School, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6203-6880
Erin SieversDepartment of Psychology, Ashland University, Ashland, OH, USA.
Miroslav SirotaDepartment of Psychology, University of Essex, Essex, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-9532
Michael SlipenkyjDepartment of Psychology and The Brain and Mind Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
Çağlar SolakManisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-8627
Agnieszka SorokowskaInstutute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3999-8851
Piotr SorokowskiInstutute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.
Sinem SöylemezManisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3785-9340
Niklas K SteffensThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3990-2592
Ian D StephenDepartment of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9714-8295
Anni SterniskoDepartment of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2507-3076
Laura Stevens-WilsonDepartment of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
Suzanne L K StewartSchool of Psychology, University of Chester, Chester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2152-0091
Stefan StiegerDepartment of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7784-6624
Daniel StorageDepartment of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7147-2206
Justine StrubeUniversity of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Kyle J SusaCalifornia State University, Bakersfield, CA, USA.
Raluca D Szekely-CopîndeanRomanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9076-5573
Natalia M SzostakCenter for Research on Cognition and Behavior, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Sopot, Sopot, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9173-1252
Bagus TakwinUniversitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9802-8869
Srinivasan TatachariT A Pai Management Institute, Manipal, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-2361
Andrew G ThomasPsychology Department, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5251-7923
Kevin E TiedeUniversity of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8735-0630
Lucas E TiongSchool of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore.
Mirjana TonkovićDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9145-175X
Bastien TrémolièreUniversité de Nîmes, APSY-V, Nîmes, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7626-2902
Lauren V TunsteadDepartment of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
Belgüzar N TürkanDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3282-9644
Mathias TwardawskiDepartment of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0543-277X
Miguel A VadilloDepartment of Experimental Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8421-816X
Zahir VallyDepartment of Clinical Psychology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0083-6006
Leigh Ann VaughnDepartment of Psychology, Ithaca College, Ithaca, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2399-7400
Bruno VerschuereUniversity of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6161-4415
Denis VlašičekDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1925-6818
Martin VoracekDepartment of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6109-6155
Marek A VrankaCharles University, Prague, Czechia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3413-9062
Shuzhen WangInstitute of Applied Psychology, School of Public Administration, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
Skye-Loren WestDepartment of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
Stephen WhyteSchool of Economics and Finance, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Leigh S WiltonDepartment of Psychology, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9029-4505
Anna WlodarczykEscuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2106-5324
Xue WuGraduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9461-3558
Fei XinThe Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Su YadanarUniversity of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Hiroshi YamaSchool of Literature and Human Sciences, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1612-3550
Yuki YamadaFaculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-568X
Onurcan YilmazKadir Has University, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6094-7162
Sangsuk YoonDepartment of Management and Marketing, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3399-1096
Danielle M YoungManhattan College, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1686-8432
Ilya ZakharovPsychological Institute of Russian Academy of Education, Moscow, Russia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7207-9641
Rizqy A ZeinUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7840-0299
Ingo ZettlerDepartment of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6140-7160
Iris L ŽeželjLaboratory for Research of Individual Differences, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9527-1406
Don C ZhangLouisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3438-9168
Jin ZhangInstitute of Applied Psychology, School of Public Administration, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
Xiaoxiao ZhengThe Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Rink HoekstraUniversity of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1588-7527
Balazs AczelInstitute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9364-4988

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The study of moral judgements often centres on moral dilemmas in which options consistent with deontological perspectives (that is, emphasizing rules, individual rights and duties) are in conflict with options consistent with utilitarian judgements (that is, following the greater good based on consequences). Greene et al. (2009) showed that psychological and situational factors (for example, the intent of the agent or the presence of physical contact between the agent and the victim) can play an important role in moral dilemma judgements (for example, the trolley problem). Our knowledge is limited concerning both the universality of these effects outside the United States and the impact of culture on the situational and psychological factors affecting moral judgements. Thus, we empirically tested the universality of the effects of intent and personal force on moral dilemma judgements by replicating the experiments of Greene et al. in 45 countries from all inhabited continents. We found that personal force and its interaction with intention exert influence on moral judgements in the US and Western cultural clusters, replicating and expanding the original findings. Moreover, the personal force effect was present in all cultural clusters, suggesting it is culturally universal. The evidence for the cultural universality of the interaction effect was inconclusive in the Eastern and Southern cultural clusters (depending on exclusion criteria). We found no strong association between collectivism/individualism and moral dilemma judgements.

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JudgmentMoralsHumansIndividualityIntentionKnowledge

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