Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35422078›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of cancer2022

Molecular mechanisms by which splice modulator GEX1A inhibits leukaemia development and progression.

Mark Sellin, Ryan Mack, Matthew C Rhodes, Lei Zhang, Stephanie Berg, Kanak Joshi, Shanhui Liu, Wei Wei, Peter Breslin S J, Peter Larsen and 2 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. RNA splicing in health and disease.Molecular biomedicine · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. BCL-2 and BCL-xL in Cancer: Regulation, Function, and Therapeutic Targeting.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Targeting RNA splicing modulation: new perspectives for anticancer strategy?Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Mark SellinDepartment of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8817-3461
Ryan MackDepartment of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
Matthew C RhodesDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, the Harper Cancer Research Institute, and the Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery & Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
Lei ZhangDepartment of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
Stephanie BergDepartment of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
Kanak JoshiDepartment of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
Shanhui LiuDepartment of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
Wei WeiDepartment of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
Peter Breslin S JDepartment of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
Peter LarsenLoyola Genomics Facility, Center for Translational Research & Education, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA.
Richard E TaylorDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, the Harper Cancer Research Institute, and the Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery & Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA. rtaylor@nd.edu.
Jiwang ZhangDepartment of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA. jzhang@luc.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4309-2892
Loyola University Medical Center · USUniversity of Notre Dame · USLoyola University Chicago · US

Funding

RIP1/RIP3-Calpain-Stat3 and NF-kappa B pathways in AML pathogenesis and treatmentR01CA223194 · NCI · LOYOLA UNIVERSITY CHICAGO · PI ZHANG, JIWANG · 2018 to 2022
$1.7M
Systematic identification of hematopoietic stem cell expansion factorsR01HL133560 · NHLBI · LOYOLA UNIVERSITY CHICAGO · PI ZHANG, JIWANG · 2017 to 2020
$1.5M
Splicing Modulators for Rare Disease IndicationsR01GM147637 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME · PI TAYLOR, RICHARD E. · 2022 to 2023
$782k
Splicing Modulators for Rare Disease IndicationsR01GM129465 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME · PI TAYLOR, RICHARD E. · 2018 to 2019
$527k
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA223194NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL133560NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM129465NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM147637
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionSplice modulators have been assessed clinically in treating haematologic malignancies exhibiting splice factor mutations and acute myeloid leukaemia. However, the mechanisms by which such modulators repress leukaemia remain to be elucidated.

objectivesThe primary goal of this assessment was to assess the molecular mechanism by which the natural splice modulator GEX1A kills leukaemic cells in vitro and within in vivo mouse models.

methodsUsing human leukaemic cell lines, we assessed the overall sensitivity these cells have to GEX1A via EC

resultsWe found that, in vitro, GEX1A induced an MCL-1 isoform shift to pro-apoptotic MCL-1S in all leukaemic cell types, though sensitivity to GEX1A-induced apoptosis was negatively associated with BCL-xL expression. In BCL-2-expressing leukaemic cells, GEX1A induced BCL-2-dependent apoptosis by converting pro-survival BCL-2 into a cell killer. Thus, GEX1A + selective BCL-xL inhibition induced synergism in killing leukaemic cells, while GEX1A + BCL-2 inhibition showed antagonism in BCL-2-expressing leukaemic cells. In addition, GEX1A sensitised FLT3-ITD

conclusionOur study suggests that GEX1A is a potent anti-leukaemic agent in combination with BCL-xL inhibitors, which targets leukaemic blasts and leukaemia stem cells through distinct mechanisms.

Indexed as

Leukemia, Myeloid, AcuteProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2AnimalsApoptosisbcl-X ProteinCell Line, TumorFatty AlcoholsHumansMiceMutationMyeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 ProteinProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesPyransbcl-X ProteinFASTK protein, humanFatty AlcoholsherboxidieneMyeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 ProteinProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2Pyrans

Identifiers

PMID35422078
PMCPMC9296642
OpenAlexW4223890604

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.