ArticlePloS one2022
MicroRNA-21 induces cisplatin resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Therapeutic microRNAs: Mechanisms, Delivery, and Clinical Translation in Oncology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Understanding the Tumor Microenvironment and Therapy Resistance in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cells · 2025Review
- New evidence for miRNA testing in head and neck squamous cell cancer patients.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Observational
- JQ1 Treatment and miR-21 Silencing Activate Apoptosis of CD44+ Oral Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Salivary Biomarkers and Their Link to Oncogenic Signaling Pathways in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Diagnostic and Translational Perspectives in a Narrative Review.Oncology research · 2025Review
- MiR-183-5p inhibitor promotes mitoxantrone-induced immunogenic death of hepatoma cells by targeting STC1.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2025Article
- Strategies to Overcome Intrinsic and Acquired Resistance to Chemoradiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer.Cells · 2024Review
- Progress in Precision Medicine for Head and Neck Cancer.Cancers · 2024Review
- Epithelial‑derived head and neck squamous tumourigenesis (Review).Oncology reports · 2024Review
- Non-coding RNA and drug resistance in head and neck cancer.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2024Review
- 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine Alters the Methylation Profile of Bortezomib-Resistant U266 Multiple Myeloma Cells and Affects Their Proliferative Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- MicroRNAs as the pivotal regulators of cisplatin resistance in head and neck cancers.Cancer cell international · 2023Review
- Advancing cancer treatment:Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
- Comparison of Selected Non-Coding RNAs and Gene Expression Profiles between Common Osteosarcoma Cell Lines.Cancers · 2022Article
- Revisiting the miR-200 Family: A Clan of Five Siblings with Essential Roles in Development and Disease.Biomolecules · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Drug resistance, either intrinsic or acquired, can impair treatment effects and result in increased cell motility and death. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21), a proto-oncogene, may facilitate the development or maintenance of drug resistance in cancer cells. Restoring drug sensitivity can improve therapeutic strategies, a possibility that requires functional evaluation and mechanistic exploration. For miR-21 detection, matched tissue samples from 30 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients and 8 head and neck cancer (HNC) cell lines were obtained. Reverse transcription-PCR to detect expression, MTT and clonogenic assays to evaluate cell proliferation, apoptosis assays, resazurin cell viability assays, western blot and luciferase reporter assays to detect protein expression, and flow cytometry to analyse the cell cycle were adopted. Compared to the corresponding normal control (NC) tissues, 25 cancer tissues had miR-21 upregulation among the 30 matched pair tissues (25/30, 83.8%); furthermore, among the 8 HNC cell lines, miR-21 expression that was notably upregulated in three: UPCI-4B, UMSCC-1, and UPCI-15B. In both the UMSCC-1 and UPCI-4B cell lines, the miR-21 mimic enhanced cell proliferation with reduced apoptosis and increased viability, whereas the miR-21 inhibitor resulted in the opposite effects (all P<0.001); additionally, miR-21 directly targeted the tumour suppressor phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) and inhibited PTEN expression. Furthermore, the miR-21 mimic induced cisplatin resistance, while the miR-21 inhibitor restored cisplatin sensitivity. Overexpression of miR-21 can enhance cell proliferation, reduce apoptosis, and induce drug resistance by inhibiting PTEN expression. Targeting miR-21 may facilitate cancer diagnosis, restore drug sensitivity, and improve therapeutic effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.