ReviewJournal of oncology2022
The Pivotal Immunoregulatory Functions of Microglia and Macrophages in Glioma Pathogenesis and Therapy.
Review in Journal of oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- MALT1 protease inhibition restrains glioblastoma progression by reversing tumor-associated macrophage-dependent immunosuppression in mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Reconstructing the glioblastoma microenvironment in heterotypic 3D spheroids: a multicellular model to study tumor-stromal crosstalk.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Glioma tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy: past, present, and future.Biomarker research · 2025Review
- Exploring tumor-associated macrophages in glioblastoma: from diversity to therapy.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Review
- The Pivotal Role of Irradiation-induced Autophagy Mechanisms in Glioma Therapy.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Elucidating the Pivotal Neuroprotective Mechanisms and Therapeutic Variants of Erythropoietin in Neonatal Brain Injury.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Pivotal Role of Cranial Irradiation-Induced Peripheral, Intrinsic, and Brain-Engrafting Macrophages in Malignant Glioma.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2024Review
- Advances in synthetic lethality modalities for glioblastoma multiforme.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2024Review
- ARPC5 acts as a potential prognostic biomarker that is associated with cell proliferation, migration and immune infiltrate in gliomas.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- The role of angiogenic growth factors in the immune microenvironment of glioma.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs) in glioblastoma: Immune function in the tumor microenvironment and implications for immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Development of immunotherapy for high-grade gliomas: Overcoming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gliomas are mixed solid tumors composed of both neoplastic and nonneoplastic cells. In glioma microenvironment, the most common nonneoplastic and infiltrating cells are macrophages and microglia. Microglia are the exact phagocytes of the central nervous system, whereas macrophages are myeloid immune cells that are depicted with ardent phagocytosis. Microglia are heterogeneously located in almost all nonoverlapping sections of the brain as well as the spinal cord, while macrophages are derived from circulating monocytes. Microglia and macrophages utilize a variety of receptors for the detection of molecules, particles, and cells that they engulf. Both microglia and peripheral macrophages interact directly with vessels both in the periphery of and within the tumor. In glioma milieu, normal human astrocytes, glioma cells, and microglia all exhibited the ability of phagocytosing glioma cells and precisely apoptotic tumor cells. Also, microglia and macrophages are robustly triggered by the glioma via the expression of chemoattractants such as monocyte chemoattractant protein, stromal-derived factor-1, and macrophage-colony stimulating factor. Glioma-associated microglia and/or macrophages positively correlated with glioma invasiveness, immunosuppression, and patients' poor outcome, making these cells a suitable target for immunotherapeutic schemes.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.