Trial reportJournal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry2022
Phase II study of ketogenic diets in relapsing multiple sclerosis: safety, tolerability and potential clinical benefits.
Trial report in Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 69 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of the Ketogenic Diet on Patients With Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Nutritional Risk and Health Research for Hospitalized Patients With Neurology Disorders in China
The Effects of Ketogenic Diet Therapy Versus the Mediterranean Diet on Quality of Life in a Group of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis - the KETOMED-MS Study
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adverse events and tolerability of ketogenic diets - a systematic literature analysis.BMC nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Bibliometric analysis of ketogenic diet for pain based on dual databases: global trends and research hotspots from the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus (2006-2025).Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- The effects of intermittent fasting for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS): a systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Fasting Mimicking Diets Reverse Accelerated Biological Aging in Multiple Sclerosis.Annals of neurology · 2025Trial
- Impact of a ketogenic diet on sleep quality in people with relapsing multiple sclerosis.Sleep medicine · 2024Trial
- Association of serum homocysteine, folate, and vitamin BMultiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2023Trial
- Toward regionally equitable precision medicine: microbiota‑associated mechanisms and emerging personalized strategies in multiple sclerosis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- State-Dependent 3D Enhancer Architecture Resolves a Shared Schizophrenia and Multiple Sclerosis Ketone and Lactate Sensing Logic Gate.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The role of adipokines in the inflammatory theory of depression: mechanisms and therapeutic applications.Postepy psychiatrii neurologii · 2026Review
- Review
- Immunometabolic reprogramming in multiple sclerosis: from pathogenic amplifier to therapeutic target in neuroinflammation and remyelination.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of multiple sclerosis burden in China and India from 1990 to 2021 based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Immunologic research · 2026Article
- Review
- Use of blood-based neurofilament light chain as an endpoint in clinical trials of neurodegenerative conditions: a scoping review.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- From association to intervention: Semantic trajectories and knowledge frontiers in epilepsy-gut microbiota research revealed by bibliometrics and NLP.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- Ketogenic diet as a therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases: from mechanisms to translational challenges.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Adjunctive strategies in multiple sclerosis treatment: non-pharmacological approaches and their potential clinical implications.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Anti-aging and Anti-inflammatory Dietary Interventions in Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review.Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- The value of targeting ketone body metabolism in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDietary changes impact human physiology and immune function and have potential as therapeutic strategies.
objectiveAssess the tolerability of a ketogenic diet (KD) in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) and define the impact on laboratory and clinical outcome metrics.
methodsSixty-five subjects with relapsing MS enrolled into a 6-month prospective, intention-to-treat KD intervention. Adherence was monitored with daily urine ketone testing. At baseline, fatigue, depression and quality of life (QoL) scores were obtained in addition to fasting adipokines and MS-related clinical outcome metrics. Baseline metrics were repeated at 3 and/or 6 months on-diet.
resultsEighty-three percent of participants adhered to the KD for the study duration. Subjects exhibited significant reductions in fat mass and showed a nearly 50% decline in self-reported fatigue and depression scores. MS QoL physical health (67±16 vs 79±12, p<0.001) and mental health (71±17 vs 82±11, p<0.001) composite scores increased on-diet. Significant improvements were noted in Expanded Disability Status Scale scores (2.3±0.9 vs 1.9±1.1, p<0.001), 6-minute walk (1631±302 vs 1733±330 ft, p<0.001) and Nine-Hole Peg Test (21.5±3.6 vs 20.3±3.7 s, p<0.001). Serum leptin was lower (25.5±15.7 vs 14.0±11.7 ng/mL, p<0.001) and adiponectin was higher (11.4±7.8 vs 13.5±8.4 µg/mL, p=0.002) on the KD.
conclusionKDs are safe and tolerable over a 6-month study period and yield improvements in body composition, fatigue, depression, QoL, neurological disability and adipose-related inflammation in persons living with relapsing MS. TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION: Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under registration number NCT03718247, posted on 24 October 2018. First patient enrolment date: 1 November 2018. Link: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03718247?term=NCT03718247&draw=2&rank=1.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.