Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35418443›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2022

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on antenatal care utilisation in Kenya: a cross-sectional study.

Amanda Landrian, John Mboya, Ginger Golub, Corrina Moucheraud, Stella Kepha, May Sudhinaraset

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
20.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

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  5. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis and management of pre-eclampsia: Identifying healthcare delays.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Amanda LandrianJonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA alandrian2@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-7171-5949
John MboyaInnovations for Poverty Action, Nairobi, Kenya.
Ginger GolubInnovations for Poverty Action, Nairobi, Kenya.
Corrina MoucheraudJonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7862-7928
Stella KephaKenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
May SudhinarasetJonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
University of California, Los Angeles · USPractical Action · KEKenya Medical Research Institute · KE

Funding

Scientific and Technical CoreP2CHD041022 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Martha Jane Bailey · 2016 to 2026
$6.9M
CALIFORNIA CENTER FOR POPULATION TRAINING PROGRAMT32HD007545 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI HIRAM BELTRAN-SANCHEZ, Megan M Sweeney · 2001 to 2026
$4.1M
NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD041022NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD007545
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the effects of COVID-19 on antenatal care (ANC) utilisation in Kenya, including women's reports of COVID-related barriers to ANC and correlates at the individual and household levels.

designCross-sectional study.

settingSix public and private health facilities and associated catchment areas in Nairobi and Kiambu Counties in Kenya.

participantsData were collected from 1729 women, including 1189 women who delivered in healthcare facilities before the COVID-19 pandemic (from September 2019-January 2020) and 540 women who delivered during the pandemic (from July through November 2020). Women who delivered during COVID-19 were sampled from the same catchment areas as the original sample of women who delivered before to compare ANC utilisation. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Timing of ANC initiation, number of ANC visits and adequate ANC utilisation were primary outcome measures. Among only women who delivered during COVID-19 only, we explored women's reports of the pandemic having affected their ability to access or attend ANC as a secondary outcome of interest.

resultsWomen who delivered during COVID-19 had significantly higher odds of delayed ANC initiation (ie, beginning ANC during the second vs first trimester) than women who delivered before (aOR 1.72, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.37), although no significant differences were detected in the odds of attending 4-7 or ≥8 ANC visits versus <4 ANC visits, respectively (aOR 1.12, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.44 and aOR 1.46, 95% CI 0.74 to 2.86). Nearly half (n=255/540; 47%) of women who delivered during COVID-19 reported that the pandemic affected their ability to access ANC.

conclusionsStrategies are needed to mitigate disruptions to ANC among pregnant women during pandemics and other public health, environmental, or political emergencies.

Indexed as

COVID-19Prenatal CareCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansKenyaMalePandemicsPatient Acceptance of Health CarePregnancyCOVID-19obstetricspublic health

Identifiers

PMID35418443
PMCPMC9013791
OpenAlexW4224076258

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.