Observational studyBMJ open2022
Factors influencing hesitancy towards adult and child COVID-19 vaccines in rural and urban West Africa: a cross-sectional study.
Observational study in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04912284 (Africa COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Africa COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: a Multi-country Cross-sectional Study
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Barriers and facilitators of HPV vaccination in sub-saharan Africa: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- Reasons given for non-vaccination and under-vaccination of children and adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Pooled it
- Barriers and facilitators of childhood COVID-19 vaccination among parents: A systematic review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Pooled it
- Informing life-course immunization and pandemic preparedness: a COVID-19 vaccine evaluation and HPV introduction experience in Sierra Leone.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Article
- The Reasons to Get Vaccinated: A Cross-Sectional Study on HPV Vaccination Adherence in a Northern Italian University.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Adherence to COVID-19 vaccination in riverside populations of the municipality of Careiro/AM.Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2026Observational
- Human papillomavirus awareness and vaccination willingness among adults in Madagascar: a cross-sectional study.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- COVID-19 vaccination uptake in Ohio: analyzing the difference between metro and non-metro residents.BMC public health · 2025Article
- COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Zimbabwe and Sierra Leone: an application of Health Belief Model constructs.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Exploring shifts in values among urban Senegalese: The impact of global crises on social and cultural norms.PloS one · 2025Article
- Variations in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy over time: a serial cross-sectional study in five West African countries.BMJ open · 2024Observational
- Drivers of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among rural populations in Madagascar: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Quantifying Disparities in COVID-19 Vaccination Rates by Rural and Urban Areas: Cross-Sectional Observational Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Observational
- The Drivers of Low Vaccination Utilization in Niger.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Influence parental- and child-related factors on the acceptance of SARS-CoV-2 test methods in schools and daycare facilities.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Development and Assessment of a Six-Item Index to Gauge Motivation to Receive COVID-19 Vaccination.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Vaccine inequity: a threat to Africa's recovery from COVID-19.Tropical medicine and health · 2023Review
- Understanding COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and Hesitancy among People with HIV in Freetown, Sierra Leone: A Cross-Sectional Study.Vaccines · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 7 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study aims: (1) to identify and describe similarities and differences in both adult and child COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, and (2) to examine sociodemographic, perception-related and behavioural factors influencing vaccine hesitancy across five West African countries.
designCross-sectional survey carried out between 5 May and 5 June 2021. PARTICIPANTS AND
setting4198 individuals from urban and rural settings in Burkina Faso, Guinea, Mali, Senegal and Sierra Leone participated in the survey. STUDY REGISTRATION: The general protocol is registered on clinicaltrial.gov.
resultsFindings show that in West Africa at the time only 53% of all study participants reported to be aware of COVID-19 vaccines, and television (60%, n=1345), radio (56%; n=1258), social media (34%; n=764) and family/friends/neighbours (28%; n=634) being the most important sources of information about COVID-19 vaccines. Adult COVID-19 vaccine acceptance ranges from 60% in Guinea and 50% in Sierra Leone to 11% in Senegal. This is largely congruent with acceptance levels of COVID-19 vaccinations for children. Multivariable regression analysis shows that perceived effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines increased the willingness to get vaccinated. However, sociodemographic factors, such as sex, rural/urban residence, educational attainment and household composition (living with children and/or elderly), and the other perception parameters were not associated with the willingness to get vaccinated in the multivariable regression model.
conclusionsPrimary sources of information about COVID-19 vaccines include television, radio and social media. Communication strategies addressed at the adult population using mass and social media, which emphasise COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness and safety, could encourage greater acceptance also of COVID-19 child vaccinations in sub-Saharan countries. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04912284.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.