ReviewThe Journal of experimental medicine2022
Toward an understanding of allogeneic conflict in pregnancy and transplantation.
Review in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phase II, Open-Label Clinical Trial of Urinary-Derived Human Chorionic Gonadotropin/Epidermal Growth Factor for Life-Threatening Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2023Trial
- Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy Among Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Heart Transplant Recipients in the United States.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Alloimmunity and Other Immunological Considerations in Organ Transplantation.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Pregnancy-shaped donor-directed alloimmune recall in husband-to-wife kidney transplantation: an integrative mechanistic framework.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Highly sensitized kidney transplant candidates: integrating acceptable mismatch, desensitization, imlifidase, and emerging immune-cell targeting strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- On the Similarity Between Postpartum Autoimmune Abnormalities and Immune-Related Adverse Events (irAE) by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI): The Placenta as a PD-L1-Rich Immune-Tolerant Organ.Acta histochemica et cytochemica · 2025Article
- Exploring the Potential of Peptides Derived from the Coelomic Fluid ofF1000Research · 2025Article
- Mechanisms and consequences of sex differences in immune responses.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
- Sex as a biological variable: Mechanistic insights and clinical relevance in solid organ transplantation.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2023Review
- The Molecular Mechanisms of HLA-G Regulatory Function on Immune Cells during Early Pregnancy.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Construction of the systemic anticancer immune environment in tumour-bearing humanized mouse by using liposome-encapsulated anti-programmed death ligand 1 antibody-conjugated progesterone.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pregnancy is recognized as a spontaneously acquired state of immunological tolerance by the mother to her semi-allogeneic fetus, but it is a major cause of allosensitization in candidates for organ transplantation. This sensitization, assessed by the presence of anti-HLA IgG, contributes to sex disparity in access to transplantation and increases the risk for rejection and graft loss. Understanding this dual tolerance/sensitization conundrum may lead to new strategies for equalizing access to transplantation among sexes and improving transplant outcomes in parous women. Here, we review the clinical evidence that pregnancy results in humoral sensitization and query whether T cell responses are sensitized. Furthermore, we summarize preclinical evidence on the effects of pregnancy on fetus-specific CD4+ conventional, regulatory, and CD8+ T cells, and humoral responses. We end with a discussion on the impact of the divergent effects that pregnancy has upon alloantigen re-encounter in the context of solid organ transplantation, and how these insights point to a therapeutic roadmap for controlling pregnancy-dependent allosensitization.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.