Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35415314›Full record

ArticleBioactive materials2023

ROS-responsive 18β-glycyrrhetic acid-conjugated polymeric nanoparticles mediate neuroprotection in ischemic stroke through HMGB1 inhibition and microglia polarization regulation.

Lulu Jin, Zhixin Zhu, Liangjie Hong, Zhefeng Qian, Fang Wang, Zhengwei Mao

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Bioactive materials, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
69citing papers in PubMed
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

69 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Microglial polarization in retinal neovascularization: Friend or foe?Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026
    Review
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  15. (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Sn)OFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026
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9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Lulu JinMOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
Zhixin ZhuMOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
Liangjie HongMOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
Zhefeng QianMOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
Fang WangThe MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Zhengwei MaoMOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
Zhejiang University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ischemic stroke is an acute and serious cerebral vascular disease, which greatly affects people's health and brings huge economic burden to society. Microglia, as important innate immune components in central nervous system (CNS), are double-edged swords in the battle of nerve injury, considering their polarization between pro-inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is one of the potent pro-inflammatory mediators that promotes the M1 polarization of microglia. 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is an effective intracellular inhibitor of HMGB1, but of poor water solubility and dose-dependent toxicity. To overcome the shortcomings of GA delivery and to improve the efficacy of cerebral ischemia therapy, herein, we designed reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsive polymer-drug conjugate nanoparticles (DGA) to manipulate microglia polarization by suppressing the translocation of nuclear HMGB1. DGA presented excellent therapeutic efficacy in stroke mice, as evidenced by the reduction of infarct volume, recovery of motor function, suppressed of M1 microglia activation and enhanced M2 activation, and induction of neurogenesis. Altogether, our work demonstrates a close association between HMGB1 and microglia polarization, suggesting potential strategies for coping with inflammatory microglia-related diseases.

Indexed as

Drug deliveryHMGB1Ischemic strokeM1/M2 phenotypeMicrogliaPolymer-drug conjugates

Identifiers

PMID35415314
PMCPMC8980441
OpenAlexW4223469018

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.