ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)2022
Marine n-3 fatty acids and cognitive change among older adults in the VITAL randomized trial.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review and dose response meta analysis of Omega 3 supplementation on cognitive function.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- CNS target engagement of high-dose DHA supplementation in older adults at risk for dementia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.EBioMedicine · 2026Trial
- Effect of cocoa extract supplementation on cognitive function: results from the clinic subcohort of the COSMOS trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Trial
- Pilot Study of Second-Generation DNA Methylation Epigenetic Markers in Relation to Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Older Adults.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Trial
- Effect of vitamin D on cognitive decline: results from two ancillary studies of the VITAL randomized trial.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Nourish the mind: protocol for an umbrella review on nutrients and bioactive food components supporting brain health across the lifespan.Systematic reviews · 2026Article
- Eicosapentaenoic acid in emotional well-being and brain aging: evidence boundaries, clinical heterogeneity, and a peripheral-to-central resolution-biology framework.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Strengthening Dietary Supplement Research: An Expanded Priority for the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Can supplementation with antioxidants improve cognitive functions in patients with multiple sclerosis? A literature review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Fish and Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Sex and Racial Differences in Cardiovascular Outcomes and Cognitive Function.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024Review
- Marine omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and prevention of cardiovascular disease: update on the randomized trial evidence.Cardiovascular research · 2023Review
- Red Blood Cell DHA Is Inversely Associated with Risk of Incident Alzheimer's Disease and All-Cause Dementia: Framingham Offspring Study.Nutrients · 2022Observational
- Marine n-3 fatty acids and cognitive change among older adults in the VITAL randomized trial.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2022Article
- Effects of long-term daily supplementation with vitamin D3 and marine omega-3 fatty acids on change in ADRD biomarkers: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Introduction: : Few large, randomized trials have evaluated marine n-3 supplements and cognition in healthy older adults. Methods: : Healthy community-dwelling participants aged 60+ years (mean [standard deviation] = 70.9 [5.8] years) in VITAL (randomized trial of n-3 fats [1 g/day, including 840 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid] and vitamin D) were included: 3424 whose cognition was assessed by phone (VITAL-Cog; eight neuropsychological tests; 2.8 years) and 794 evaluated in person (CTSC-Cog; nine tests; 2.0 years). The primary outcome was a global score (average of test z-scores) of change over two assessments. We used multivariable-adjusted linear mixed models; substudy-specific results were meta-analyzed. Results: : We observed no significant effect of n-3 supplementation: the mean difference in annual rate of cognitive change for the n-3 versus placebo group was -0.01 standard units (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.02, 0.003) in VITAL-Cog and -0.002 (95% CI: -0.04, 0.03) in CTSC-Cog; the pooled difference was -0.01 (95% CI: -0.02, 0.003; Discussion: : Marine n-3 supplementation (1 g/day) did not confer cognitive benefits over 2 to 3 years in community-dwelling older adults.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.