ArticleInternational journal of clinical and experimental pathology2022
Secondary injury and pro-inflammatory macrophages increase osteophyte growth and fracture healing in canine atrophic nonunion.
Article in International journal of clinical and experimental pathology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations between an inflammatory diet index and nonunion: a prospective study of 172,839 UK biobank participants.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Autogenous bone-guided induced membrane technique in closed/small-sized open high-energy fractures in benign inflammatory environment: a case series.International orthopaedics · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesIn this study, we used a canine high-energy fracture model to examine the relationship between the early inflammatory reaction in adjacent tissues and the ability for osteophyte growth, aiming to identify causes that lead to atrophic nonunion inflammatory disease and to provide new strategies for prevention and treatment. MATERIALS AND
methodsForty-eight models of canine femoral high energy fractures were prepared and randomly divided into groups A and B (n=24 in each group). Dogs in both groups underwent open reduction and 6-hole plate internal fixation. Group A models were re-opened, and muscle near the bone was scraped at 14 d after the operation. On days 3, 17, 28, and 42 after fracture, 6 experimental dogs were euthanized per group, and the fracture specimens were used to examine pathologic changes and the growth of callus in the fractured end and its adjacent tissues.
resultsAt day 14, neutrophil infiltration, with no macrophage recruitment, no mesenchymal cell proliferation, and no fracture healing cascade were observed in the adjacent tissues of both groups. Immediately after the second injury was performed in group A, many macrophages were seen, and mesenchymal cells proliferated, which initiated vigorous osteophyte growth and led to osteophyte healing. Atrophic nonunion was observed in group B without secondary injury.
conclusionMacrophage recruitment deficiency in adjacent soft tissue in early surgery for high-energy fractures may be an important cause of atrophic nonunion. Secondary injury inflammation can effectively recruit mononuclear macrophages, generate osteoclasts, re-initiate the growth of osteophytes, and promote fracture healing.
Indexed as
Identifiers
35414845PMC8986469W4226412714What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
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