SynthesisAdvances in health sciences education : theory and practice2022
Transgender health content in medical education: a theory-guided systematic review of current training practices and implementation barriers & facilitators.
Synthesis in Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transgender and gender diverse youths' experiences of healthcare: A systematic review of qualitative studies.Journal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and community · 2025Pooled it
- The State of Medical Education on Criminal Justice Health: A Systematic Review.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Enabling and hindering aspects of the i²TransHealth e-health intervention for transgender and gender diverse people in Germany: a qualitative process evaluation.BMC health services research · 2026Trial
- Mapping Multilevel Barriers and Facilitators to Inclusive Cancer Care for Sexual and Gender Minority Populations: A Scoping Review.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Urological care for sexual and gender minorities: a narrative review toward equitable care.Current opinion in urology · 2026Review
- Constructing Wholeness in LGBTQ+ Healthcare Access: A Grounded Theory Model.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Attitudes of Family Physicians in Southern Israel Toward Transgender Individuals: Comparison Between Senior Physicians and Residents.Archives of sexual behavior · 2026Article
- Which transgender and gender diverse groups benefit most from E-health? Subgroup analyses of the randomized controlled trial iInternational journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- The intersection between transgender identity and migrant background: Experienced barriers and facilitators to healthcare in The Netherlands.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- Pharmacists' professional and service qualifications for the care of Trans, Travesti, and Gender-Diverse people in southern Brazil: a grounded theory study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Gender-affirming health care needs, barriers to care, and health and wellbeing in a broad nationwide sample of transgender people in Norway.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Leveraging community engagement and human-centered design to develop multilevel implementation strategies to enhance adoption of a health equity intervention.Implementation science communications · 2025Article
- Pregnancy experiences of transgender and gender-expansive individuals: A systematic scoping review from a critical midwifery perspective.Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Knowledge and Attitudes of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Family Medicine Residents Regarding Transgender and Gender-Diverse Health: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Equality in Physical Activity and Exercise Opportunities for the Transgender Community.American journal of lifestyle medicine · 2025Article
- Gender identity and its impact on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder manifestations: Challenges in diagnosis and assessment.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Disrupting Psychiatry Didactics: Creation of a Lecturer Toolkit to Include Topics of Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2025Article
- LGBTQ+ health education for medical students in the United States: a narrative literature review.Medical education online · 2024Review
- Rethinking Barriers and Enablers in Qualitative Health Research: Limitations, Alternatives, and Enhancements.Qualitative health research · 2024Article
- Barriers to correct pronoun usage in healthcare settings.BMC medical education · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Health disparities faced by transgender people are partly explained by barriers to trans-inclusive healthcare, which in turn are linked to a lack of transgender health education in medical school curricula. We carried out a theory-driven systematic review with the aim to (1) provide an overview of key characteristics of training initiatives and pedagogical features, and (2) analyze barriers and facilitators to implementing this training in medical education. We used queer theory to contextualize our findings. We searched the PubMed/Ovid MEDLINE database (October 2009 to December 2021) for original studies that reported on transgender content within medical schools and residency programs (N = 46). We performed a thematic analysis to identify training characteristics, pedagogical features, barriers and facilitators. Most training consisted of single-session interventions, with varying modes of delivery. Most interventions were facilitated by instructors with a range of professional experience and half covered general LGBT+-content. Thematic analysis highlighted barriers including lack of educational materials, lack of faculty expertise, time/costs constraints, and challenges in recruiting and compensating transgender guest speakers. Facilitators included scaffolding learning throughout the curriculum, drawing on expertise of transgender people and engaging learners in skills-based training. Sustainable implementation of transgender-health objectives in medical education faces persistent institutional barriers. These barriers are rooted in normative biases inherent to biomedical knowledge production, and an understanding of categories of sex and gender as uncomplicated. Medical schools should facilitate trans-inclusive educational strategies to combat transgender-health inequities, which should include a critical stance toward binary conceptualizations of sex and gender throughout the curriculum.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.