SynthesisEuropean journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine2022
A systematic review on extracorporeal shock wave therapy and botulinum toxin for spasticity treatment: a comparison on efficacy.
Synthesis in European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06128616 (Efficacy of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Integrated to Combined Treatment of Botulinum Toxin A and Serial Casting in Children With Cerebral Palsy), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Integrated to Combined Treatment of Botulinum Toxin A and Serial Casting in Children With Cerebral Palsy
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of botulinum toxin A combined with extracorporeal shockwave therapy in post-stroke spasticity: a systematic review.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Focused extracorporeal shockwave therapy for the treatment of low back pain: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Shockwave Therapy or Acupoint Stimulation Combined With Physiotherapy for Spasticity and Motor Function in Post-Stroke Recovery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Brain and behavior · 2026Trial
- Shockwave therapy in persons with a spinal cord injury and spasticity: A multiple single-case experimental design study.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy for the management of spasticity in cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial with different time intervals between sessions.Frontiers in neurologyTrial
- A Clinical Practice Framework for Ultrasound-Informed Multimodal Management of Post-Stroke Spasticity: A Proof-of-Concept Case.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effects of Focal Low-Energy Extracorporeal Shock Wave Treatment (ESWT) as an Add-On to Botulinum Toxin (BoNT) Injection on Pisa Syndrome in Parkinson's Disease.Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Observational
- Development and Humanization of a Camelid-Derived Neutralizing Nanobody Targeting Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Efficacy of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation in managing spasticity of the triceps surae muscle in children with cerebral palsy: a retrospective analysis of influencing factors.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Current techniques for the treatment of spasticity and their effectiveness.EFORT open reviews · 2025Article
- Article
- Effect of PDCA-optimized good limb positioning on hemiparetic rehabilitation outcomes in acute cerebral infarction.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Effects of focal low energy extracorporeal shock wave treatment on reduction of sialorrhea in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Ultrasound-Guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections into the Masseter Muscle for Both Medical and Aesthetic Purposes.Toxins · 2024Review
- Long-Term Management of Post-Stroke Spasticity with Botulinum Toxin: A Retrospective Study.Toxins · 2024Article
- Effect of information-motivation-behavioral skills model based perioperative nursing on pain in patients with gallstones.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2024Article
- Botulinum toxin in the rehabilitation of painful syndromes: multiperspective literature analysis, lexical analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials.European journal of translational myology · 2024Article
- Article
- The Role of Botulinum Toxin Type-A in Spasticity: Research Trends from a Bibliometric Analysis.Toxins · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe complexity of spasticity requires a continuous effort in terms of more adapted treatments for patients, and accurate management. Through this systematic review, we aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) with botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) on reducing spasticity both in children and adults. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: An electronic search of PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Ovid Medline(R), and search engine of Google Scholar was performed. Publications ranging from January 2010 to January 2021, published in the English language and available as full-texts were eligible for inclusion and they were searched without any country restriction. The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: A total of five studies were included in the present systematic review. Screening of the references, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed by two independent authors. The methodological quality and risk of bias were conducted using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) Scale. The primary outcome was spasticity grade assessed by the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and/or Modified Tardieu Scale (MTS). Additional outcomes were active range of motion (AROM), passive range of motion (PROM), upper extremity Fugl-Meyer Assessment (UE-FMA), pain intensity assessed through Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), spasm frequency scale (SFS), sonographic parameters, between-group comparison, and treatment response rate.
conclusionsA beneficial effect on spasticity was found for both treatments: evidence showed that ESWT and BoNT-A can ameliorate spasticity considering parameters such as MAS, MTS, AROM, PROM, UE-FMA, VAS and SFS in post-stroke, multiple sclerosis, and cerebral palsy patients. Further research is required to strengthen the evidence, and more suitable study protocols are highly needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.