Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35411348›Full record

ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2022

Biochemical, Biophysical, and Immunological Characterization of Respiratory Secretions in Severe SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infections.

Michael J Kratochvil, Gernot Kaber, Sally Demirdjian, Pamela C Cai, Elizabeth B Burgener, Nadine Nagy, Graham L Barlow, Medeea Popescu, Mark R Nicolls, Michael G Ozawa and 17 more

Open access · greenAbstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Michael J KratochvilDivision of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Gernot KaberDivision of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Sally DemirdjianDivision of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Pamela C CaiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Elizabeth B BurgenerCenter for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Nadine NagyDivision of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Graham L BarlowDivision of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Medeea PopescuDivision of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Mark R NicollsDepartment of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Michael G OzawaDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Donald P RegulaDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Ana E Pacheco-NavarroDepartment of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Samuel YangDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Vinicio A de Jesus PerezDepartment of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Harry Karmouty-QuintanaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center - McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA.
Andrew M PetersDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center - McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA.
Bihong ZhaoDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center - McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA.
Maximilian L BujaDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center - McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA.
Pamela Y JohnsonMatrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Robert B VernonMatrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Thomas N WightMatrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Stanford COVID-19 Biobank Study Group
Carlos E MillaCenter for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Angela J RogersDepartment of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Andrew J SpakowitzDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Sarah C HeilshornDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Paul L BollykyDivision of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Stanford University · USThe University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston · USBenaroya Research Institute

Funding

EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASEST32AI007502 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Prasanna Jagannathan, DAVID A. RELMAN · 1995 to 2026
$6.8M
Regulatory T Cells and Pulmonary HypertensionR01HL158714 · NHLBI · PALO ALTO VETERANS INSTIT FOR RESEARCH · PI NICOLLS, MARK ROBERT · 2021 to 2024
$2.5M
Metabolic derangements in ARDSK23HL125663 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI ROGERS, ANGELA J · 2015 to 2018
$744k
NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL125663NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL158714NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007502
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Thick, viscous respiratory secretions are a major pathogenic feature of COVID-19 disease, but the composition and physical properties of these secretions are poorly understood. We characterized the composition and rheological properties (i.e. resistance to flow) of respiratory secretions collected from intubated COVID-19 patients. We find the percent solids and protein content are greatly elevated in COVID-19 compared to heathy control samples and closely resemble levels seen in cystic fibrosis, a genetic disease known for thick, tenacious respiratory secretions. DNA and hyaluronan (HA) are major components of respiratory secretions in COVID-19 and are likewise abundant in cadaveric lung tissues from these patients. COVID-19 secretions exhibit heterogeneous rheological behaviors with thicker samples showing increased sensitivity to DNase and hyaluronidase treatment. In histologic sections from these same patients, we observe increased accumulation of HA and the hyaladherin versican but reduced tumor necrosis factorâ€"stimulated gene-6 (TSG6) staining, consistent with the inflammatory nature of these secretions. Finally, we observed diminished type I interferon and enhanced inflammatory cytokines in these secretions. Overall, our studies indicate that increases in HA and DNA in COVID-19 respiratory secretion samples correlate with enhanced inflammatory burden and suggest that DNA and HA may be viable therapeutic targets in COVID-19 infection.

Identifiers

PMID35411348
PMCPMC8996635
OpenAlexW4223555929

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.