ArticleBMJ open2022
Non-pharmacological therapies for postviral syndromes, including Long COVID: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Post-Viral Syndromes, Including Long COVID: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Post-COVID Syndrome.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2023Pooled it
- Living with "long COVID": A systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative evidence.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Bridging Gaps in Long COVID Therapy: A Review.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Patient-centred interprofessional teleconsultation for post-viral symptom complexes in German primary care-protocol for the cluster-randomised controlled COVI-Care M-V trial.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Athletes' access to, attitudes towards and experiences of help-seeking for mental health: a scoping review.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Implementing a Pulmonary Telerehabilitation Program for Young Adults with Post-COVID-19 Conditions: A Pilot Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Evaluating the Feasibility, Acceptance, and Beneficial Effects of Online Occupational Therapy for Post-COVID-19 Condition: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (ErgoLoCo Study).JMIR research protocols · 2024Article
- An Unwanted but Long-Known Company: Post-Viral Symptoms in the Context of Past Pandemics in Switzerland (and Beyond).Public health reviews · 2024Review
- Considerations for patient and public involvement and engagement in health research.Nature medicine · 2023Review
- Effect of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of people with post-COVID-19 condition: A rapid review.Cochrane evidence synthesis and methods · 2023Article
- The Feasibility and Impact of Practising Online Forest Bathing to Improve Anxiety, Rumination, Social Connection and Long-COVID Symptoms: A Pilot Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionPostviral syndromes (PVS) describe the sustained presence of symptoms following an acute viral infection, for months or even years. Exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus and subsequent development of COVID-19 has shown to have similar effects with individuals continuing to exhibit symptoms for greater than 12 weeks. The sustained presence of symptoms is variably referred to as 'post COVID-19 syndrome', 'post-COVID condition' or more commonly 'Long COVID'. Knowledge of the long-term health impacts and treatments for Long COVID are evolving. To minimise overlap with existing work in the field exploring treatments of Long COVID, we have only chosen to focus on non-pharmacological treatments.
aimsThis review aims to summarise the effectiveness of non-pharmacological treatments for PVS, including Long COVID. A secondary aim is to summarise the symptoms and health impacts associated with PVS in individuals recruited to treatment studies. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Primary electronic searches will be performed in bibliographic databases including: Embase, MEDLINE, PyscINFO, CINAHL and MedRxiv from 1 January 2001 to 29 October 2021. At least two independent reviewers will screen each study for inclusion and data will be extracted from all eligible studies onto a data extraction form. The quality of all included studies will be assessed using Cochrane risk of bias tools and the Newcastle-Ottawa grading system. Non-pharmacological treatments for PVS and Long COVID will be narratively summarised and effect estimates will be pooled using random effects meta-analysis where there is sufficient methodological homogeneity. The symptoms and health impacts reported in the included studies on non-pharmacological interventions will be extracted and narratively reported. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This systematic review does not require ethical approval. The findings from this study will be submitted for peer-reviewed publication, shared at conference presentations and disseminated to both clinical and patient groups. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: The review will adhere to this protocol which has also been registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021282074).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.