ArticleThe Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology2022
Serum Pepsinogen and Gastrin Levels: Reliable Markers to Predict Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth.
Article in The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Helicobacter pylori infection and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC microbiology · 2023Pooled it
- The impact of washed microbiota transplantation on serum gastric function markers: pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II, and Gastrin-17.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Hp eradication decreased the expression level of PG II in patients of Hp negative with gastric intestinal metaplasia: a retrospective cross-sectional study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundSerum pepsinogen, a useful indicator of gastric acidity, could reflect small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and profiles including pepsinogen or gastrin.
methodsWe conducted a prospective study with 62 patients with a functional gastrointestinal disorder. All patients underwent glucose breath test for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, immediately followed by upper endoscopy to survey gastric injury and Campylobacter-like organism test for Helicobacter pylori and serum laboratory tests including gastrin, pepsinogen I and II.
resultsThe positivity to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth was 17.7%. Significantly, low total hydrogen concentration during a glucose breath test, low prevalence for gastric injury, and high H. pylori positivity rate were shown in groups with pepsinogen I/II ratio ≤ 3.5 compared to those with pepsinogen I/II ratio > 3.5 or in groups with serum gastrin > 35.4 pg/mL comparing to those with serum ≤ 35.4 pg/mL, respectively. A high gastrin level was independently associated with H. pylori infection. A proportionally correlated tendency between pepsinogen I/II ratio and total hydrogen concentration was shown, whereas that of inverse proportion between H2 and gastrin was observed. Old age was solely independent predicting factor for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (P = .03) in the multivariate analysis.
conclusionOld age was significantly related to the presence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in functional gastrointestinal disorder patients. Although pepsinogen and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth seem irrelevant, elevated gastrin level may cautiously indicate a decreased breath hydrogen concentration. Further studies should consider the function of intestinal motility and gastric acidity in patients with hydrogen-producing small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.
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