ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Self-Reported Computer Vision Syndrome among Thai University Students in Virtual Classrooms during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prevalence and Associated Factors.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Clinical manifestations, prevalence, and risk factors of asthenopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of computer vision syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of computer vision syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of optometryPooled it
- Immediate Effects of Light Mode and Dark Mode Features on Visual Fatigue in Tablet Users.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Trial
- Article
- Digital eye strain among Indian university students in the post-COVID era: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Computer vision syndrome among medical students at Kasr Al-Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt: a cross-sectional study of prevalence, risk factors, and protective measures.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Computer vision syndrome: a comprehensive literature review.Future science OA · 2025Review
- Prevalence and contributing factors of computer vision syndrome among university students in Iran: a cross-sectional study.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- The prevalence of computer vision syndrome and associated factors among university students in oman: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Validation of Binocular Vision and Ocular Surface Assessment Tools in Digital Eye Strain Syndrome: The DESIROUS Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Article
- Computer vision syndrome and its associated factors in health science students from a university in Peru.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Assessment of computer vision syndrome and associated factors among employees of Ethio-telecom in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Computer vision syndrome among Sudanese medical students: a growing medical issue in the digital world.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Article
- Visual, ocular surface, and extraocular diagnostic criteria for determining the prevalence of computer vision syndrome: a cross-sectional smart-survey-based study.Medical hypothesis, discovery & innovation ophthalmology journal · 2024Article
- Digital Challenges: Investigating Computer Vision Syndrome in Thai Esports Through a Case-Control Approach.Clinical optometry · 2024Article
- Digital Eye Strain: Updated Perspectives.Clinical optometry · 2024Review
- Computer vision syndrome and associated factors in university students and teachers in Nampula, Mozambique.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Article
- Digital Eye Strain among Peruvian Nursing Students: Prevalence and Associated Factors.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
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11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, computer vision syndrome (CVS) related to online classrooms were unavoidable. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the prevalence, characteristics and associated factors of CVS. A total of 527 students who were currently studying in a virtual classroom (70.40% female, mean (standard deviation; SD) age of 20.04 (2.17) years) were included. The prevalence of CVS assessed by an online CVS-Questionnaire was 81.0% (427/527). Comparing with those in the period before the online study, an increase in screen time (interquartile range) in students with and without CVS was 3 (0−3) and 2 (1−5) h, respectively. Overall, 516 students (97.9%) experienced at least one symptom. The most frequent symptom in CVS subjects was eye pain (96.5%). The most intense symptoms were the feeling of worsening eyesight (15.9%). The factors associated with CVS were female (p < 0.001), age (p = 0.010), atopic diseases (p = 0.020), prior ocular symptoms (p < 0.001), astigmatism (p = 0.033), distance from display <20 cm (p = 0.023), presence of glare or reflection on screen (p < 0.001), low screen brightness (p = 0.045), sleep duration (p = 0.030), inadequate break time between classes (p < 0.001) and increased screen time usage during online study (p < 0.001). Recommendations to prevent CVS based on the adjustable factors might reduce the burden of online study.
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