ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Extracellular HSPs: The Potential Target for Human Disease Therapy.
Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heat Shock Proteins and Exercise in Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance: Protective Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Exogenous Heat Shock Proteins in Oncology: Biological Roles and Clinical Implications.Cancers · 2026Review
- Heat shock protein-mediated remodeling of the bone immune microenvironment: mechanisms and precision therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Protein Post-Translational Modifications in the Regulation of Ferroptosis: New Opportunities and Challenges for Cancer Immunotherapy.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Advances in the structures, mechanisms and targeting of molecular chaperones.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Research progress on the cross-regulation between ferroptosis and immunogenic cell death in tumor micro-environment.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Small HSPs at the crossroad between protein aggregation, autophagy and unconventional secretion: clinical implications and potential therapeutic opportunities in the context of neurodegenerative diseases.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Genome-wide identification of nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter family (Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2024Article
- Review
- Stress biology: Complexity and multifariousness in health and disease.Cell stress & chaperones · 2024Article
- Effects of Hyperthermia and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemoperfusion on the Peritoneal and Tumor Immune Contexture.Cancers · 2023Review
- Unconventional protein secretion (UPS): role in important diseases.Molecular biomedicine · 2023Review
- Mortalin: Protein partners, biological impacts, pathological roles, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Nanocarrier-Mediated Immunogenic Cell Death for Melanoma Treatment.International journal of nanomedicine · 2023Review
- Review
- Novel Drugs with High Efficacy against Tumor Angiogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Harnessing Hyperthermia: Molecular, Cellular, and Immunological Insights for Enhanced Anticancer Therapies.Integrative cancer therapiesReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are highly conserved stress proteins known as molecular chaperones, which are considered to be cytoplasmic proteins with functions restricted to the intracellular compartment, such as the cytoplasm or cellular organelles. However, an increasing number of observations have shown that HSPs can also be released into the extracellular matrix and can play important roles in the modulation of inflammation and immune responses. Recent studies have demonstrated that extracellular HSPs (eHSPs) were involved in many human diseases, such as cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and kidney diseases, which are all diseases that are closely linked to inflammation and immunity. In this review, we describe the types of eHSPs, discuss the mechanisms of eHSPs secretion, and then highlight their functions in the modulation of inflammation and immune responses. Finally, we take cancer as an example and discuss the possibility of targeting eHSPs for human disease therapy. A broader understanding of the function of eHSPs in development and progression of human disease is essential for developing new strategies to treat many human diseases that are critically related to inflammation and immunity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.