ReviewPolymers2022
Biofilm in Endodontics: In Vitro Cultivation Possibilities, Sonic-, Ultrasonic- and Laser-Assisted Removal Techniques and Evaluation of the Cleaning Efficacy.
Review in Polymers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Clinical Use of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser: an Anti-biofilm Treatment
Clinical Investigation of the Effectiveness of Laser-activated Photoacoustic Flow in One-visit Revision of Teeth With Apical Periodontitis
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enhanced Efficacy of Laser-Activated Irrigation (Er,Cr:YSGG) in Eradicating Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm in 3D-Printed Molar Replicas: A Pilot Study.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2026Article
- Electrically Charged Lipid Nanoparticles as Intracanal Antimicrobial Delivery Systems: A Narrative Review of Preclinical Evidence for Biofilm Control.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Efficacy of diode Laser compared to conventional irrigation in endodontic treatment of apical periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Review
- Effectiveness of the iVac System Compared to Conventional Irrigation and Ultrasonic Activation in Reducing Microbial Biofilm, Lipopolysaccharides and Apical Extrusion.Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc · 2025Article
- Root canal irrigants and their role in the adhesion of pre-endodontic restorations.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- Development of a novel laboratory approach for evaluating the adhesion strength of biofilms to human dentine.International endodontic journal · 2025Article
- Extraradicular Infection and Apical Mineralized Biofilm: A Systematic Review of Published Case Reports.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Nanoparticle ultrasonication: a promising approach for reducing bacterial biofilm in total joint infection-an in vivo rat model investigation.Arthroplasty (London, England) · 2024Article
- Assessment of Periodontitis Risk Factors in Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Cross-Sectional Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Effect of ultrasonic and Er,Cr:YSGG laser-activated irrigation protocol on dual-species root canal biofilm removal: AnJournal of conservative dentistry and endodontics · 2024Article
- Article
- Dental pathologies of endodontic origin and subsequent bacterial involvement - a literature review.Germs · 2023Review
- Analysis of Temperatures Generated during Conventional Laser Irradiation of Root Canals-A Finite Element Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Effect of Antioxidants on Dentin Bond Strength after Application of Common Endodontic Irrigants: A Systematic Review.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Irrigation in Endodontics: Polyhexanide Is a Promising Antibacterial Polymer in Root Canal Treatment.Dentistry journal · 2023Review
- In vitro evaluation of enterococcus faecalis growth in different conditions on dentinal substrate.Biomaterial investigations in dentistry · 2023Article
- Advances in the Role of Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigant in Chemical Preparation of Root Canal Treatment.BioMed research international · 2023Review
- Novel Dental Restorative Solutions for Natural Teeth and Implants.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Benefits and Challenges of the Use of Two Novel vB_Efa29212_2e and vB_Efa29212_3e Bacteriophages in Biocontrol of the Root CanalJournal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Incomplete and inadequate removal of endodontic biofilm during root canal treatment often leads to the clinical failure. Over the past decade, biofilm eradication techniques, such as sonication of irrigant solutions, ultrasonic and laser devices have been investigated in laboratory settings. This review aimed to give an overview of endodontic biofilm cultivation methods described in papers which investigated sonic-, ultrasonic- and Er:Yag laser-assisted biofilm removal techniques. Furthermore, the effectiveness of these removal techniques was discussed, as well as methods used for the evaluation of the cleaning efficacy. In general, laser assisted agitation, as well as ultrasonic and sonic activation of the irrigants provide a more efficient biofilm removal compared to conventional irrigation conducted by syringe/needle. The choice of irrigant is an important factor for reducing the bacterial contamination inside the root canal, with water and saline being the least effective. Due to heterogeneity in methods among the reviewed studies, it is difficult to compare sonic-, ultrasonic- and Er:Yag laser-assisted techniques among each other and give recommendations for the most efficient method in biofilm removal. Future studies should standardize the methodology regarding biofilm cultivation and cleaning methods, root canals with complex morphology should be introduced in research, with the aim of simulating the clinical scenario more closely.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.