ReviewNutrients2022
Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Newborns as a Challenge for an Appropriate Nutrition: A Narrative Review.
Review in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of enteral insulin on enteral diet tolerance in premature infants: systematic review.Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo · 2024Pooled it
- Breast Milk Enema and Meconium Evacuation Among Preterm Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Preterm birth, body mass index trajectories, and risk of thinness in early childhood: the Japan Environment and Children's study.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Glucocorticoids in pregnancy: a master-switch for fetal maturation.Endocrine reviews · 2026Review
- Nutritional management at 22-23 weeks gestational age: evidence and knowledge gaps.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- From homeostasis to dysregulation: human milk, microbial metabolites, and the preterm intestinal microenvironment in necrotizing enterocolitis.Translational pediatrics · 2026Review
- Gamma-glutamyltransferase and immunoglobulin G in intestinal maturation: Pilot study in preterm and term infants and the influence of breast milk.JPGN reports · 2026Article
- Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of Multisensory Early Oral Administration of Human Milk (M-MILK) for Very Preterm Infants: Enhancing Stress Regulation, Neurodevelopment, and Oral Feeding Skills.Biological research for nursing · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in the neonatal intensive care unit.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- The Gut in Early Life-Postnatal Challenges.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Current enteral feeding practices for premature infants in neonatal intensive care units in the Middle East and North Africa.JPGN reports · 2026Article
- Gastrointestinal endoscopic evaluation and management in neonates: a 10-Year clinical experience.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Preterm infant formulas with glucose polymers and reduced lactose content increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Simulating the biochemical environment for infant intestinal digestion: key challenges and recommendations.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Effects of fermented mulberry leaves on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, diarrhea, and intestinal microecology in weaned piglets: a preliminary study.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Effects of formal aquatic activities on health and developmental outcomes in infants and toddlers younger than 36 months: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Diet diversity during complementary feeding and childhood acute respiratory infection and diarrhoea in rural China.BMJ nutrition, prevention & health · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting unplanned PICC removal in preterm infants with gestational age <32 weeks.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Review: microbial metabolites - a key to address gut inflammation and barrier dysfunction in the premature infant.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Microplastics and child health: A scoping review of prenatal and early-life exposure routes and potential health risks.Toxicology reports · 2025Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The second and third trimesters of pregnancy are crucial for the anatomical and functional development of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. If premature birth occurs, the immaturity of the digestive and absorptive processes and of GI motility represent a critical challenge to meet adequate nutritional needs, leading to poor extrauterine growth and to other critical complications. Knowledge of the main developmental stages of the processes involved in the digestion and absorption of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, as well as of the maturational phases underlying the development of GI motility, may aid clinicians to optimize the nutritional management of preterm infants. The immaturity of these GI systems and functions may negatively influence the patterns of gut colonization, predisposing to an abnormal microbiome. This, in turn, further contributes to alter the functional, immune, and neural development of the GI tract and, especially in preterm infants, has been associated with an increased risk of severe GI complications, such as necrotizing enterocolitis. Deeper understanding of the physiological colonization patterns in term and preterm infants may support the promotion of these patterns and the avoidance of microbial perturbations associated with the development of several diseases throughout life. This review aims to provide a global overview on the maturational features of the main GI functions and on their implications following preterm birth. We will particularly focus on the developmental differences in intestinal digestion and absorption functionality, motility, gut-brain axis interaction, and microbiomes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.