ArticleMolecular metabolism2022
Metformin overcomes metabolic reprogramming-induced resistance of skin squamous cell carcinoma to photodynamic therapy.
Article in Molecular metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current hotspots and trends in cancer metabolic reprogramming: a scientometric analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Repurposing Non-oncologic Drugs via Targeted Nanocarriers for Cancer Therapy: Mechanisms, Synergistic Combinations, and Clinical Translation.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Mll5 haploinsufficiency attenuates microglial phagocytosis through dysregulated TREM2-SGK3-GSK3β signaling and recapitulates ASD-like behaviors in mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Repurposing Metformin in Precision Oncology: Mechanistic Insights, Biomarker-Guided Strategies, and Translational Imperatives.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Metabolic Reprogramming of Anti-cancer T Cells: Targeting AMPK and PPAR to Optimize Cancer Immunotherapy.Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB · 2025Review
- METTL1 coordinates cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma progression via the m7G modification of the ATF4 mRNA.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- N-acetylcysteine and raloxifene boost photodynamic therapy against cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by decreasing TGFβ1 secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Article
- Current Trends and Challenges in Targeting Tumor Mitochondrial Glycolysis and Oxidative Phosphorylation Pathways for Cancer Therapy.Current protein & peptide science · 2025Article
- Cathepsins and Skin Cancer (Malignant Melanoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma, and Squamous Cell Carcinoma): Insight From Genetic Correlation and Mendelian Randomization.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2025Article
- Targeting Metabolic-Redox Nexus to Regulate Drug Resistance: From Mechanism to Tumor Therapy.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Enhancing metformin-induced tumor metabolism destruction by glucose oxidase for triple-combination therapy.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2024Article
- The m-TORC1 inhibitor Sirolimus increases the effectiveness of Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma, impairing NRF2 antioxidant signaling.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Article
- The use of photodynamic therapy in medical practice.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- The Mitochondrial ATP Synthase/IF1 Axis in Cancer Progression: Targets for Therapeutic Intervention.Cancers · 2023Review
- Modulating Glycolysis to Improve Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Global Trends and Research Progress of Photodynamic Therapy in Skin Cancer: A Bibliometric Analysis and Literature Review.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2023Review
- Tumor microenvironment in non-melanoma skin cancer resistance to photodynamic therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveCancer metabolic reprogramming promotes resistance to therapies. In this study, we addressed the role of the Warburg effect in the resistance to photodynamic therapy (PDT) in skin squamous cell carcinoma (sSCC). Furthermore, we assessed the effect of metformin treatment, an antidiabetic type II drug that modulates metabolism, as adjuvant to PDT.
methodsFor that, we have used two human SCC cell lines: SCC13 and A431, called parental (P) and from these cell lines we have generated the corresponding PDT resistant cells (10GT).
resultsHere, we show that 10GT cells induced metabolic reprogramming to an enhanced aerobic glycolysis and reduced activity of oxidative phosphorylation, which could influence the response to PDT. This result was also confirmed in P and 10GT SCC13 tumors developed in mice. The treatment with metformin caused a reduction in aerobic glycolysis and an increase in oxidative phosphorylation in 10GT sSCC cells. Finally, the combination of metformin with PDT improved the cytotoxic effects on P and 10GT cells. The combined treatment induced an increase in the protoporphyrin IX production, in the reactive oxygen species generation and in the AMPK expression and produced the inhibition of AKT/mTOR pathway. The greater efficacy of combined treatments was also seen in vivo, in xenografts of P and 10GT SCC13 cells.
conclusionsAltogether, our results reveal that PDT resistance implies, at least partially, a metabolic reprogramming towards aerobic glycolysis that is prevented by metformin treatment. Therefore, metformin may constitute an excellent adjuvant for PDT in sSCC.
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