ArticleJAMA network open2022
Association of Birth Defects With Child Mortality Before Age 14 Years.
Article in JAMA network open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Rates of Neonatal Congenital Anomalies.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Mortality amongst European children with congenital anomalies: Associations with socio-economic status in the EUROLINKCAT cohort.PloS one · 2026Observational
- Maternal, reproductive and perinatal factors and the risks of birth defects: traditional and emerging factors.Reproductive biomedicine online · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national epidemiology of congenital birth defects in children from 1990 to 2021: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Risk of carcinomas among children and adolescents with birth defects.Cancer epidemiology · 2025Article
- Association of birth defects during the perinatal period with child mortality under 5 years.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Common variants increase risk for congenital diaphragmatic hernia within the context of de novo variants.American journal of human genetics · 2024Article
- The global, regional, and national patterns of change in the burden of congenital birth defects, 1990-2021: an analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021 and forecast to 2040.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Increased mortality in infants with abnormal T-cell receptor excision circles.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Congenital anomalies during Covid-19: artifact of surveillance or a real TORCH?European journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Associations between birth defects with neural crest cell origins and pediatric embryonal tumors.Cancer · 2023Article
- Birth Defects and Mortality-Related Factors in Colombia: Insights from a Surveillance Cohort (2002-2019).Sage open pediatricsArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Importance: Causes of death in children with birth defects are poorly understood. Objective: To determine mortality rates by cause of death in children with and without birth defects. Design, Setting, and Participants: This longitudinal cohort study included a population-based sample of 1 037 688 children and was conducted in all hospitals in Quebec, Canada, with 7 700 596 person-years of follow-up between birth and age 14 years (April 1, 2006, to March 31, 2020). Exposures: Presence or absence of a birth defect. Main Outcomes and Measures: Outcomes were all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were computed for the association between birth defects and mortality with Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for patient characteristics. Results: Among the 1 037 688 children in the cohort, 95 566 had birth defects (56.5% boys). There were 532 542 boys in the cohort (51.3%), and mean (SD) age at the end of follow-up was 7.42 (3.72) years. There were 918 deaths among children with defects, and the mean (SD) age was 0.93 (2.07) years at death; there were 1082 deaths among the 942 122 children without defects, and the mean (SD) age at death was 0.50 (1.51) years. Mortality rates were higher for children with birth defects compared with no defect (1.3 vs 0.2 deaths per 1000 person-years, respectively). Girls (HR, 5.66; 95% CI, 4.96-6.47) and boys (HR, 4.69; 95% CI, 4.15-5.29) with birth defects had an elevated risk of death before 14 years compared with unaffected children. Birth defects were associated with mortality from circulatory (HR, 26.59; 95% CI, 17.73-39.87), respiratory (HR, 23.03; 95% CI, 15.09-35.14), and digestive causes (HR, 31.77; 95% CI, 11.87-85.04), but anomalies were rarely listed as the cause of death. Compared with children with no defect, those with birth defects were at greatest risk of death between 28 and 364 days of life. Conclusions and Relevance: This cohort study of 1 037 688 children suggests that birth defects were strongly associated with mortality owing to circulatory, respiratory, and digestive causes. This finding suggests that the contribution of birth defects may be underestimated in mortality statistics.
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