ArticlePhysical therapy2022
Examining the Relationship Between Reactive Stepping Outcomes and Falls in People With Multiple Sclerosis.
Article in Physical therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Selective associations between cognitive practice effects and reactive balance adaptation in multiple sclerosis.Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists · 2026Article
- Steps to Health: Backward Walking Predicts Physical Activity Levels in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2026Article
- Fall history moderates the relationship between concern about falling and reactive stepping performance in people with multiple sclerosis.Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a 2-week in-place reactive balance training program in people with multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2025Article
- The Relation Among Reactive Stepping and Fall-Related Psychological Factors in Multiple Sclerosis.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Using the Instrumented Sway System (ISway) to Identify and Compare Balance Domain Deficits in People With Multiple Sclerosis.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveReactive stepping is critical for preventing falls and is impaired in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS); however, which aspects of stepping relate to falls remains poorly understood. Identifying outcomes most related to falls is a first step toward improving rehabilitation for fall prevention. The purpose of this study was to assess whether reactive step latency or length during forward and backward losses of balance were related to a history of falls in PwMS.
methodsOf the 111 PwMS who participated in this study, 76 reported no falls in the previous 6 months, whereas 36 reported 1 or more falls. Participants completed 3 forward and 3 backward treadmill-induced reactive steps from stance. Step length (centimeters) and step latency (milliseconds) were measured using motion capture and analyzed via MATLAB.
resultsParticipants with a history of falls had significantly slower step latencies during backward stepping, but not forward stepping, than those without a history of falls. Step length did not differ between groups. Slower step latencies during backward stepping significantly increased the odds of having experienced a fall (β = .908, SE = 0.403, odds ratio = 2.479, 95% CI = 1.125 to 5.464).
conclusionPwMS and a history of falling show delayed step onsets during backward reactive stepping. Specifically, for every 10-millisecond increase in step latency, PwMS were 2.5 times more likely to have a fall history. Although clinical trials are necessary to determine whether interventions targeting reactive stepping reduce falls in PwMS, the current work indicates that the latency of steps may be a relevant target for this work. IMPACT: Subsequent fall prevention clinical trials should consider targeting backward reactive step latency to further assess its relevance for rehabilitation in PwMS. LAY SUMMARY: If you have MS and a history of falls, you may be more likely to have delayed reactive step latencies.
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