ArticleSSM - population health2022
Trajectories of cognitive functioning in later life: Disparities by race/ethnicity, educational attainment, sex, and multimorbidity combinations.
Article in SSM - population health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dementia in Advanced Kidney Disease by Race and Ethnicity and Neighborhood Factors.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Evidence of APOE4-related brain vulnerabilities in verbal memory systems in midlife women.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Cumulative poverty across early adulthood and midlife cognition: findings from the national longitudinal survey of youth.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2026Article
- A coordinated analysis of bidirectional associations between life satisfaction and cognitive function.Journal of personality and social psychology · 2026Article
- Cognitive Impairment and Depressive Symptoms Among Low-Income Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.Research in health and medicine · 2026Article
- Beyond Somatic Multimorbidity: Longitudinal Effects of Edentulism and Mental Health on Cognition in Older Adults.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2025Article
- Incidence of Frailty, Dementia, and Disability Among Community-Living Older Americans According to County-Level Disadvantage.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2025Article
- Disparities in neighborhood food environment and cognitive decline among US older adults: a cohort study.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Health insurance coverage moderates the relationship between metabolic syndrome and baseline memory outcomes in Latino older adults.The Clinical neuropsychologist · 2025Article
- Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity and Dementia Onset Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Differences by Race/Ethnicity.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2025Observational
- Interrupted Learning across the Lifespan.Human development · 2025Article
- Caregiving outcomes among informal caregivers of persons with multimorbidity and dementia: a scoping review.European geriatric medicine · 2025Article
- Care Recipients' Cognitive Trajectories and Caregivers' Depressive Symptoms: The Mediating Role of Caregiving Burden.The Gerontologist · 2025Article
- Impact of Modifiable Factors Associated with Physical Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Trajectory of Older Adults: Using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging 2006-2018.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Work- and hydration-related health outcomes prevalence among USA construction workers: evidence from the national survey.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Risk and protective factors for cognitive decline in Brazilian lower educated older adults: A 15-year follow-up study using group-based trajectory modelling.Archives of gerontology and geriatrics · 2024Article
- Association Between Cognitive Trajectories and Subsequent Health Status, Depressive Symptoms, and Mortality Among Older Adults in the United States: Findings From a Nationally Representative Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Article
- Food resources and kitchen skills plus aerobic training (FoRKS+) for black adults with hypertension: A pilot trial protocol.Contemporary clinical trials · 2024Article
- Multimorbidity, healthy lifestyle, and the risk of cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults: a longitudinal cohort study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- "Hang Ups, Let Downs, Bad Breaks, Setbacks": Impact of Structural Socioeconomic Racism and Resilience on Cognitive Change Over Time for Persons Racialized as Black.Health equity · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Evaluating multimorbidity combinations, racial/ethnic background, educational attainment, and sex associations with age-related cognitive changes is critical to clarifying the health, sociodemographic, and socioeconomic mechanisms associated with cognitive function in later life. Data from the 2011-2018 National Health and Aging Trends Study for respondents aged 65 years and older (N = 10,548, mean age = 77.5) were analyzed using linear mixed effect models. Racial/ethnic differences (mutually-exclusive groups: non-Latino White, non-Latino Black, and Latino) in cognitive trajectories and significant interactions with sex and education (<high school, high school, some college, and ≥ college degree) were evaluated. Models included sex, education, ever covered by Medicaid, coupled status, waist-height ratio, study cohort, and chronic disease category (no diseases; one disease;
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.