ArticlePreventive medicine reports2022
Avoidance of primary healthcare among transgender and non-binary people in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Parallel Pandemic: A Systematic Review on the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on OCD among Children and Adolescents.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Mental health and access to healthcare among racialized and non-racialized migrant sexual and gender minority youth in Canada: findings from a cross-sectional survey conducted during COVID-19.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Scaling Up a Diabetes Prevention Program in Geographically and Ethnoculturally Diverse Urban Regions of Canada: Protocol for a Hybrid Type 2 Implementation-Effectiveness Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Prescription patterns of inhaler medications from 2017 to 2023: A retrospective study using Ontario administrative healthcare data.PloS one · 2026Article
- Experiences of gender-affirming healthcare among transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people during the COVID-19 pandemic: An explanatory sequential mixed methods study.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
- "It's just a general lack of awareness, that breeds a sense that there isn't space to talk about our needs": Barriers and facilitators experienced by transgender people accessing healthcare in Aotearoa/New Zealand.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
- Healthcare Service Utilization and Perceived Gaps: The Experience of French-Speaking 2S/LGBTQI+ People in Manitoba.Healthcare policy = Politiques de sante · 2024Article
- A Contextualization of Transgender Women and Condom Use Using the HIV Syndemic Framework: Scoping Review.International journal of sexual health : official journal of the World Association for Sexual Health · 2024Article
- Structural racism and violence: Routine healthcare access in a cohort of marginalized Indigenous women and Two-Spirit Peoples during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Research square · 2023Article
- LGBTQ+ health research guides: a multi-institutional analysis of usage patterns and user information needs.Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA · 2023Article
- Age-specific determinants of psychiatric outcomes after the first COVID-19 wave: baseline findings from a Canadian online cohort study.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2023Article
- Risk and protective factors for new-onset binge eating, low weight, and self-harm symptoms in >35,000 individuals in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic.The International journal of eating disorders · 2023Article
- Exposure to Childhood Healthcare Discrimination and Healthcare Avoidance among Transgender and Gender Independent Adults during a Global Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transgender (trans) and non-binary people experience barriers to culturally competent healthcare and many have reported avoiding care. COVID-19 and related mitigation strategies may have exacerbated avoidance, and poor mental health may be bidirectionally related to avoiding care. This study estimated the prevalence of primary care avoidance during the pandemic in a national sample of trans and non-binary people in Canada with a primary care provider and examined the association between poorer self-rated mental health and avoidance. In Fall 2019, Trans PULSE Canada collected multi-mode survey data from trans and non-binary people. In September to October 2020, 820 participants completed a COVID-19-focused survey. In this cross-sectional analysis, multivariable logistic regression models estimated odds ratios adjusted for confounders and weighted to the 2019 sample. The analysis included 689 individuals with a primary healthcare provider, of whom 61.2% (95% CI: 57.2, 65.2) reported fair or poor mental health and 25.7% (95% CI: 22.3, 29.2) reported care avoidance during the pandemic. The most common reason for avoidance was having a non-urgent health concern (72.7%, 95% CI: 65.9, 79.5). In adjusted analyses, those with fair or poor mental health had higher odds of avoiding primary care as compared to those with good to excellent mental health (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.37; 95% CI: 1.50, 3.77). This relationship was similar when excluding COVID-related reasons for avoidance (AOR = 2.52; 95% CI: 1.52, 4.17). Expansion of virtual communication may enhance primary care accessibility, and proactively assessing mental health symptoms may facilitate connections to gender-affirming mental health services.
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Registered trials
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