ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
Mechanistic Insights Into the Immune Pathophysiology of COVID-19; An In-Depth Review.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Lactoferrin on Clinical Outcomes of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: The LAC Randomized Clinical Trial.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Pharmacokinetic, toxicological, and molecular interaction assessment of ginger-derived phenolics for SARS-CoV-2 main protease Inhibition.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Oncogenic potential of SARS-CoV-2-targeting hallmarks of cancer pathways.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Hypochloremia: A Potential Indicator of Poor Outcomes in COVID-19.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Diabetes Mellitus, Energy Metabolism, and COVID-19.Endocrine reviews · 2024Review
- COVID-19 Biomarkers at the Crossroad between Patient Stratification and Targeted Therapy: The Role of Validated and Proposed Parameters.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Gas6/TAM Axis Involvement in Modulating Inflammation and Fibrosis in COVID-19 Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- COVID-19 inactivated and non-replicating viral vector vaccines induce regulatory training phenotype in human monocytes under epigenetic control.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Applications of advances in mRNA-based platforms as therapeutics and diagnostics in reproductive technologies.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Autobullectomy with COVID-19 in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Respiratory medicine case reports · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection risk is higher in vaccinated patients with inflammatory autoimmune diseases or liver transplantation treated with mycophenolate due to an impaired antiviral immune response: results of the extended follow up of the RIVALSA prospective cohort.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Observational
- Neutrophil extracellular traps and long COVID.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The Gut Microbiome of Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- SARS-CoV-2 in brief: from virus to prevention.Osong public health and research perspectives · 2022Article
- A Regional Observational Study on COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis (CAPA) within Intensive Care Unit: Trying to Break the Mold.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Acute Kidney Injury and Blood Purification Techniques in Severe COVID-19 Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Heterogenous CD8+ T Cell Maturation and 'Polarization' in Acute and Convalescent COVID-19 Patients.Viruses · 2022Article
- The Role of Lung Ultrasound in SARS-CoV-19 Pneumonia Management.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Nanoscale Technologies in the Fight against COVID-19: From Innovative Nanomaterials to Computer-Aided Discovery of Potential Antiviral Plant-Derived Drugs.Biomolecules · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus-19 (COVID-19), has caused significant morbidity and mortality globally. In addition to the respiratory manifestations seen in severe cases, multi-organ pathologies also occur, making management a much-debated issue. In addition, the emergence of new variants can potentially render vaccines with a relatively limited utility. Many investigators have attempted to elucidate the precise pathophysiological mechanisms causing COVID-19 respiratory and systemic disease. Spillover of lung-derived cytokines causing a cytokine storm is considered the cause of systemic disease. However, recent studies have provided contradictory evidence, whereby the extent of cytokine storm is insufficient to cause severe illness. These issues are highly relevant, as management approaches considering COVID-19 a classic form of acute respiratory distress syndrome with a cytokine storm could translate to unfounded clinical decisions, detrimental to patient trajectory. Additionally, the precise immune cell signatures that characterize disease of varying severity remain contentious. We provide an up-to-date review on the immune dysregulation caused by COVID-19 and highlight pertinent discussions in the scientific community. The response from the scientific community has been unprecedented regarding the development of highly effective vaccines and cutting-edge research on novel therapies. We hope that this review furthers the conversations held by scientists and informs the aims of future research projects, which will potentially further our understanding of COVID-19 and its immune pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.