Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35400957›Full record

ArticleVeterinary world2022

Khoirul Anam, Agustina Tri Endharti, Sri Poeranto, Hidayat Sujuti, Dwi Yuni Nur Hidayati, Sumarno Reto Prawiro

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary world, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Khoirul AnamDoctoral Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Agustina Tri EndhartiDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Sri PoerantoDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Hidayat SujutiDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Dwi Yuni Nur HidayatiDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Sumarno Reto PrawiroDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
University of Brawijaya · ID

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and Aim: The morbidity and mortality of Materials and Methods: Thirty adult male Balb/c mice were divided into a control group, cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) group, CTB+QSSTGTNSQSDLDS (pep_1) group, CTB+DTTITKAETKTVTKNQVVDTPVTTDAAK (pep_2) group, and CTB+ ATLGATLNRLDFNVNNK (pep_3). We performed immunization by orally administering 50 μg of antigen and 50 μl of adjuvant once a week over 4 weeks. We assessed the cellular immune response by quantifying T helper 2 (Th2) and Th17 using flow cytometry. In addition, we assessed the humoral immune response by quantifying interleukin (IL-4), IL-17, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), and β-defensin using enzyme-linked immunoassay. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Peptide oral immunization increases the cellular immune response as reflected by the increase of Th2 (p=0.019) and Th17 (p=0.004) cell counts, particularly in the CTB_pep_1 group. Humoral immune response activation was demonstrated by increased IL-4 levels, especially in the CTB+pep_3 group (p=0.000). The IL-17 level was increased significantly in the CTB+pep_1 group (p=0.042). The mucosal immune response was demonstrated by the sIgA levels increase in the CTB+pep_3 group (p=0.042) and the β-defensin protein levels (p=0.000). Conclusion: All selected peptides activated the cellular and humoral immune responses in the intestine of mice. Further studies are necessary to optimize antigen delivery and evaluate whether the neutralizing properties of these peptides allow them to prevent bacterial infection.

Indexed as

epitopeimmune responseoralShigella flexnerishigellosis

Identifiers

PMID35400957
PMCPMC8980390
OpenAlexW4211050261

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.