ArticleSurgical neurology international2022
Sellar xanthogranuloma: A diagnostic challenge.
Article in Surgical neurology international, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Are Sellar Xanthogranulomas the Climax of a Spectrum of Secondary Inflammatory Reactions to Various Sellar Lesions?NeuroSci · 2026Article
- Pituitary adenoma associated with xanthogranuloma.Radiology case reports · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Sellar xanthogranulomas are rare intracranial lesions comprising <1% of all sellar lesions. They were described as a separate entity by the World Health Organization in 2000. Because of the paucity of sellar xanthogranuloma cases reported in the literature, they remain a diagnostic challenge with indefinite origin, clinical course, and outcome. The present study reports a case of sellar xanthogranuloma describing the clinical presentation, radiological/pathological characteristics, and outcome. Case Description: A 43-year-old female, known to have diabetes, hypothyroidism, and polycystic ovarian syndrome, presented with a 2-week history of sudden right-sided facial deviation, periorbital pain, and moderate-intensity headache. The patient also reported amenorrhea not improving with polycystic ovarian syndrome treatment. Neurologic examination showed bilateral visual field defects and impaired visual acuity. Computed tomography scan, without contrast, revealed a hypodense sellar lesion with areas of hyperdensity. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a well-defined sellar lesion, exhibiting high signals on T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. The patient underwent microscopic trans-nasal trans-sphenoidal excision of the lesion. Histological sections of the sellar lesion revealed fibrous connective tissue with chronic inflammatory cells and cholesterol clefts, suggestive of xanthogranuloma. The patient is currently followed up at neurosurgery, endocrinology, and ophthalmology clinics with periodic laboratory/radiological investigations. Conclusion: Sellar xanthogranulomas remain rare intracranial lesions with few cases reported in the literature. Patients mostly present with severe hypopituitarism and visual dysfunction. They show no characteristic radiological features. The diagnosis is confirmed histopathologically, and the prognosis is generally favorable.
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