ArticleBMC medical education2022
An online Delphi study to investigate the completeness of the CanMEDS Roles and the relevance, formulation, and measurability of their key competencies within eight healthcare disciplines in Flanders.
Article in BMC medical education, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of perceived objectivity of clinical evaluation methods in surgical education: an approach using a digital platform.Future science OA · 2026Article
- Development of core competency indicators for emergency medicine residents based on the competency model: a Delphi and analytic hierarchy process study.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- The CII-care framework: a contextual adaptation and validation of entrecomp for intrapreneurial and innovative competencies in healthcare- a mixed-methods study in flanders.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Exploring factors of physicians' preferences for continuing medical education.BMC medical education · 2024Article
- Defining a competency framework for health and social professionals to promote healthy aging throughout the lifespan: an international Delphi study.Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice · 2024Article
- The identification of requirements for competency development during work-integrated learning in healthcare education.BMC medical education · 2024Article
- Description of the methodology for developing and validating the WHO's family planning and comprehensive abortion care competencies for the primary health care workforce.Sexual & reproductive healthcare : official journal of the Swedish Association of Midwives · 2024Article
- When theory beats practice: the implementation of competency-based education at healthcare workplaces : Focus group interviews with students, mentors, and educators of six healthcare disciplines.BMC medical education · 2023Article
- Automating the Identification of Feedback Quality Criteria and the CanMEDS Roles in Written Feedback Comments Using Natural Language Processing.Perspectives on medical education · 2023Article
- Development of individual competencies and team performance in interprofessional ward rounds: results of a study with multimodal observations at the Heidelberg Interprofessional Training Ward.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeveral competency frameworks are being developed to support competency-based education (CBE). In medical education, extensive literature exists about validated competency frameworks for example, the CanMEDS competency framework. In contrast, comparable literature is limited in nursing, midwifery, and allied health disciplines. Therefore, this study aims to investigate (1) the completeness of the CanMEDS Roles, and (2) the relevance, formulation, and measurability of the CanMEDS key competencies in nursing, midwifery, and allied health disciplines. If the competency framework is validated in different educational programs, opportunities to support CBE and interprofessional education/collaboration can be created.
methodsA three-round online Delphi study was conducted with respectively 42, 37, and 35 experts rating the Roles (n = 7) and key competencies (n = 27). These experts came from non-university healthcare disciplines in Flanders (Belgium): audiology, dental hygiene, midwifery, nursing, occupational therapy, podiatry, and speech therapy. Experts answered with yes/no (Roles) or on a Likert-type scale (key competencies). Agreement percentages were analyzed quantitatively whereby consensus was attained when 70% or more of the experts scored positively. In round one, experts could also add remarks which were qualitatively analyzed using inductive content analysis.
resultsAfter round one, there was consensus about the completeness of all the Roles, the relevance of 25, the formulation of 24, and the measurability of eight key competencies. Afterwards, key competencies were clarified or modified based on experts' remarks by adding context-specific information and acknowledging the developmental aspect of key competencies. After round two, no additional key competencies were validated for the relevance criterion, two additional key competencies were validated for the formulation criterion, and 16 additional key competencies were validated for the measurability criterion. After adding enabling competencies in round three, consensus was reached about the measurability of one additional key competency resulting in the validation of the complete CanMEDS competency framework except for the measurability of two key competencies.
conclusionsThe CanMEDS competency framework can be seen as a grounding for competency-based healthcare education. Future research could build on the findings and focus on validating the enabling competencies in nursing, midwifery, and allied health disciplines possibly improving the measurability of key competencies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.