ArticleJournal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology2022
SARS-CoV-2 infections in mRNA vaccinated individuals are biased for viruses encoding spike E484K and associated with reduced infectious virus loads that correlate with respiratory antiviral IgG levels.
Article in Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms of sex differences in acute and long COVID sequelae in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Assessing the generation of tissue resident memory T cells by vaccines.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2023Review
- Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 Transcription of Subgenomic and Genomic RNAs During Early Human Infection Using Multiplexed Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Omicron Subvariants: Clinical, Laboratory, and Cell Culture Characterization.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- AZD1222-induced nasal antibody responses are shaped by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and correlate with virologic outcomes in breakthrough infection.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Article
- Omicron Subvariants: Clinical, Laboratory, and Cell Culture Characterization.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2022Article
- Infection With the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Delta Variant Is Associated With Higher Recovery of Infectious Virus Compared to the Alpha Variant in Both Unvaccinated and Vaccinated Individuals.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Evaluation of Four Point of Care (POC) Antigen Assays for the Detection of the SARS-CoV-2 Variant Omicron.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Adaptive immune responses in vaccinated patients with symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Alpha infection.JCI insight · 2022Article
- Biological and Immune Responses to Current Anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines beyond Anti-Spike Antibody Production.Journal of immunology research · 2022Review
- Large Scale SARS-CoV-2 Molecular Testing and Genomic Surveillance Reveal Prolonged Infections, Protracted RNA shedding, and Viral Reinfections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study of Severe Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the General Population Requiring Hospitalization Within a Single Health System.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2022Article
- In vivo kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its relationship with a person's infectiousness.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant is Associated with Higher Infectious Virus Loads Compared to the Alpha Variant in both Unvaccinated and Vaccinated Individuals.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2021Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Mutations and Effective Changes.Biotechnology and bioprocess engineering : BBE · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionCOVID-19 large scale immunization in the US has been associated with breakthrough positive molecular testing. In this study, we investigated whether a positive test is associated with a high anti-viral IgG, specific viral variant, recovery of infectious virus, or symptomatic infection during an early phase after vaccination rollout.
methodsWe identified 133 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients who had received two doses of either Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) or Moderna (mRNA-1273) vaccines, the 2nd of which was received between January and April of 2021. The positive samples were collected between January and May of 2021. Samples were sequenced to characterize the whole genome and Spike protein changes and cycle thresholds that reflect viral loads were determined using a single molecular assay. Respiratory SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were examined using ELISA and specimens were grown on cell culture to assess the recovery of infectious virus as compared to a control unvaccinated cohort.
resultsOf 133 specimens, 24 failed sequencing and yielded a negative or very low viral load on the repeat PCR. Of 109 specimens that were used for further genome analysis, 68 (62.4%) were from symptomatic infections, 11 (10.1%) were admitted for COVID-19, and 2 (1.8%) required ICU admission with no associated mortality. The predominant virus variant was the Alpha (B.1.1.7), however a significant association between lineage B.1.526 and amino acid change S: E484K with positives after vaccination was noted. A significant reduction of the recovery of infectious virus on cell culture was accompanied by an increase in localized IgG levels in respiratory samples of vaccinated individuals.
conclusionsVaccination reduces the recovery of infectious virus in breakthrough infections caused primarily by the Alpha variant accompanied by an increase in upper respiratory tract IgG levels.
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