SynthesisJournal of clinical laboratory analysis2022
Clinical manifestations, treatment options, and comorbidities in COVID-19 relapse patients: A systematic review.
Synthesis in Journal of clinical laboratory analysis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Clinical manifestations, treatment options, and comorbidities in COVID-19 relapse patients: A systematic review.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Pooled it
- Prognostic Value of Biomarkers in COVID-19: Associations with Disease Severity, Viral Variants, and Comorbidities-A Retrospective Observational Single-Center Cohort Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comparative analysis of C-Reactive protein levels among Non-comorbid, Comorbid, and Multimorbid Hospitalized COVID-19 patients.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Estimation of outpatient SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and recurrence rates and associated factors among COVID-19 hospitalized patients over one-year old: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Insights from an N3C RECOVER EHR-based cohort study characterizing SARS-CoV-2 reinfections and Long COVID.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- Detection of IgG antibodies against the receptor binding domain of the spike protein and nucleocapsid of SARS-CoV-2 at university students from Southern Mexico: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Rate and Risk Factors of Reinfection, Recurrence, and Hospital Readmission Among SARS-Cov-2 Hospitalized Patients; a National Cohort Study.Archives of academic emergency medicine · 2024Article
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- The Intersection of COVID-19 and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Shared Mechanisms, Treatment Challenges, and Potential Therapeutic Approaches.Aging and disease · 2023Review
- The potential role of telemedicine in the infectious disease pandemic with an emphasis on COVID-19: A narrative review.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Clinical Manifestations, Imaging Procedures and Laboratory Parameters among Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Ilam Province, Western Iran.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2022Article
- A Comprehensive Review of the Protein Subunit Vaccines Against COVID-19.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Milder outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 genetically confirmed reinfections compared to primary infections with the delta variant: A retrospective case-control study.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionInterest revolving around coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reinfection is escalating rapidly. By definition, reinfection denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), PCR redetection, and COVID-19 recurrence within three months of the initial symptoms. The main aim of the current systematic review was to evaluate the features of COVID-19 relapse patients. MATERIALS AND
methodsFor this study, we used a string of terms developed by a skilled librarian and through a systematical search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase for eligible studies. Clinical surveys of any type were included from January 2019 to March 2021. Eligible studies consisted of two positive assessments separated by a negative result via RT-PCR.
resultsFifty-four studies included 207 cases of COVID-19 reinfection. Children were less likely to have COVID-19 relapse. However, the most patients were in the age group of 20-40 years. Asthenia (66.6%), headache (66.6%), and cough (54.7%) were prevalent symptoms in the first SARS-CoV-2 infection. Asthenia (62.9%), myalgia (62.9%), and headache (61.1%) were most frequent in the second one. The most common treatment options used in first COVID-19 infection were lopinavir/ritonavir (80%), oxygen support (69.2%), and oseltamivir (66.6). However, for the treatment of second infection, mostly antibiotics (100%), dexamethasone (100%), and remdesivir (80%) were used. In addition, obesity (32.5%), kidney failure (30.7%), and hypertension (30.1%) were the most common comorbidities. Unfortunately, approximately 4.5% of patients died.
conclusionWe found the potency of COVID-19 recurrence as an outstanding issue. This feature should be regarded in the COVID-19 management. Furthermore, the first and second COVID-19 are similar in clinical features. For clinically practical comparison of the symptoms severity between two epochs of infection, uniform data of both are required. We suggest that future studies undertake a homogenous approach to establish the clinical patterns of the reinfection phenomena.
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