ArticleJournal of Crohn's & colitis2022
Meat Intake Is Associated with a Higher Risk of Ulcerative Colitis in a Large European Prospective Cohort Studyø.
Article in Journal of Crohn's & colitis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of red meat and processed meat consumption on the risk of development and relapse of ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Dairy Consumption and Inflammatory Bowel Disease among Arab Adults: A Case-Control Study and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- The Association between Total Protein, Animal Protein, and Animal Protein Sources with Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- Plant and Animal Protein Sources in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Evidence and Clinical Implications.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Review
- Food-Based Therapies in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The fate of dietary protein in the gastrointestinal tract and implications for colonic disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease: exploring the impacts of environmental factors.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026Review
- Diet and Gut Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Clinical and Nutritional Perspective.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Microbiome-targeted dietary therapy in health and disease: Challenges, opportunities, and pathways forward.Gut microbes reports · 2026Review
- Breakfast skipping and steroid withdrawal in ulcerative colitis: A population-based study in Japan.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Functional Profiling Demonstrates That a Sulfide-Reducing Diet Achieves Microenvironmental Targets in Ulcerative Colitis.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Article
- Diet for Human and Planetary Health: Why We Should Consider Limiting Meat?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- Impact of diet on inflammatory bowel disease risk: systematic review, meta-analyses and implications for prevention.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Low Protein Diet Exacerbates Experimental Mouse Models of Colitis through Epithelial Autonomous and Nonautonomous Mechanisms.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Early life factors, diet and microbiome, and risk of inflammatory bowel disease.Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Dietary content and eating behavior in ulcerative colitis: a narrative review and future perspective.Nutrition journal · 2025Review
- Maternal diet in pregnancy and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease in the offspring: a prospective cohort study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Healthy eating patterns associated with reduced risk of inflammatory bowel disease by lowering low-grade inflammation: evidence from a large prospective cohort study.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Review
- The interplay between diet and the gut microbiome: implications for health and disease.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
29 authors at 18 institutions in 10 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsWe aimed to investigate the association between protein intake and risk of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
methodsA total of 413 593 participants from eight European countries were included. Dietary data were collected at baseline from validated food frequency questionnaires. Dietary data were calibrated to correct errors in measures related to each country-specific questionnaire. Associations between proteins [total, animal, and vegetable] or food sources of animal proteins, and IBD risk were estimated by Cox proportional hazard models.
resultsAfter a mean follow-up of 16 years, 177 patients with Crohn's disease [CD] and 418 with ulcerative colitis [UC], were identified. There was no association between total protein, animal protein, or vegetable protein intakes and CD or UC risks. Total meat and red meat intakes were associated with UC risk (hazard ratio [HR] for the 4th vs 1st quartile = 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.99-1.98, p-trend = 0.01; and 1.61, 95% CI = 1.10-2.36, p-trend = 0.007, respectively]. There was no association between other food sources of animal protein [processed meat, fish, shellfish, eggs, poultry] and UC. We found no association between food sources of animal proteins and CD risk.
conclusionsMeat and red meat consumptions are associated with higher risks of UC. These results support dietary counselling of low meat intake in people at high-risk of IBD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.