ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2023
The Disproportionate Burden of COVID-19 Cases among Arab Americans.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disaggregating Middle Eastern and North African Populations in Mortality Records to Better Understand COVID-19 Inequalities in Virginia.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- New Checkbox, Now What? A Scoping Review to Guide Health Research among Middle Eastern and North African Communities.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Beyond Black and White: Cancer Disparities Within Racial Groups.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Disparities in SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Arab Americans Living in Southeast Michigan.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Observational
- Ethnic Disparities in Physical, Mental, and Cognitive Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Snapshot of Metro-Detroit.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Racial/Ethnic Trends in Virtual Mental Health Care Utilization Among Undergraduate Students: A Descriptive Study.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Making Oneself "Fit": Community Perspectives on Disaggregated Race and Ethnicity Data Collection and Reporting in Healthcare Settings.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Case-Fatality Rates in Michigan Are Higher for Arab Americans Compared With Non-Hispanic White Individuals for the Oldest Age Groups.Ethnicity & disease · 2025Article
- Racial and ethnic differences in COVID-19 infection and vaccine uptake across multiple waves of the pandemic in Southeast Michigan: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Cognitive Difficulty in Middle Eastern and North African Adults Living in the United States Compared With Other Racial and Ethnic Categories, 2017-2021.American journal of public health · 2024Article
- Improving the Collection of National Health Data: the Case for the Middle Eastern and North African Checkbox for Communities in the USA.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- COVID-19 Stress and Cognitive Disparities in Black, MENA, and White Older Adults.The Gerontologist · 2024Article
- Self-Reported Cognitive Aging and Well-Being among Older Middle Eastern/Arab American Immigrants during the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Migration and Cognitive Health Disparities: The Arab American and Refugee Case.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2023Article
- Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in a sample of Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) Houston residents.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Perspectives of public health organizations partnering with refugee, immigrant, and migrant communities for comprehensive COVID-19 case investigation and contact tracing.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Disparities in Health Insurance Among Middle Eastern and North African American Children in the US.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 cases are pervasive. Some minority, immigrant, and marginalized groups, such as Arab Americans, have been excluded from the research. This population confronts barriers to health care, discrimination, and other factors that may affect understanding, testing, and treatment as it relates to COVID-19. Arab Americans are unique compared to Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, and Asians because Arab Americans do not have a specific ethnic identifier and are classified as non-Hispanic white. Given these issues, this study will estimate COVID-19 cases and examine associations among Arab Americans compared to Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, non-Hispanic white, and Asian adults. Data from the Michigan Disease Surveillance System (March 2020-July 2021), the American Community Survey (2015-2019), and an Arab/Chaldean surname algorithm were used. Chi-square tests were used to determine statistically significant differences between groups. Logistic regression was used to estimate age-adjusted and sex-stratified proportions among Arab Americans compared to non-Hispanic whites before and after adjusting for age and sex. Approximately 17% of Arab Americans tested positive for COVID-19 compared to 11.32% of Hispanics, 9.80% of non-Hispanic blacks, 7.50% of non-Hispanic whites, and 4.24% of Asians. Arab Americans had 2.63 (95% CI: 2.59, 2.66) times greater odds of testing positive for COVID-19 compared to non-Hispanic whites. When Arab Americans were disaggregated from non-Hispanic whites, alarming patterns in COVID-19 cases were observed for Arab Americans. To accurately represent the burden of COVID-19 among Arab Americans, this population needs to have an ethnic identifier that informs appropriate health policy decisions and practice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.