ArticleSaudi journal of ophthalmology : official journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological Society
Prevalence and determinants of refractive status and related ocular morbidity among Indian school children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Article in Saudi journal of ophthalmology : official journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological Society. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors influencing refractive status distribution and amblyopia in preschool children with low vision.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Patterns of Refractive Error Among School-Age Children in Bisha, Saudi Arabia.Cureus · 2023Article
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8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
purposeWe present the magnitude and determinants of refractive status of Indian school children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017-18 at a preparatory and secondary Indian school in Riyadh. A "Spot Screener" was used to determine if the child passed or failed a refraction test. Data were collected on refractive status in each eye, amblyopia, and strabismus. The type of refractive error (RE) was estimated and association to the gender, age group, and higher education was analyzed.
resultsWe examined 770 students. The prevalence of RE in Indian school children was 50.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 51.3; 58.3). There were 51.1% of boys and 49.3% of girls. The prevalence of RE in preparatory and secondary grade students was 47.9% and 56.8%, respectively. The proportion of myopia and hyperopia among children with RE was 48% and 5%, respectively. Family history of RE was positively associated to RE in school children (odds ratio: 1.5 [95% CI: 1.1; 2.0]). The existing refractive services provided 47.4% coverage for children with RE. The current screening initiative could identify 22 (2.9%) new cases of RE who required visual aids and 38 (4.9%) students who needed a new prescription for RE. The compliance rate for using visual aid among students with RE was 78.9%. The prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus was 1.2% and 11%, respectively.
conclusionA high proportion of Indian school students in Riyadh have RE. Periodic ocular assessment and refractive services are recommended for this group of school children.
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