Observational studyAmerican journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation2022
Association Between Acute Kidney Injury and Dementia in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.
Observational study in American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of acute kidney injury with the risk of cognitive impairment or dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Renal failure · 2023Pooled it
- Arterial Stiffness and Acute Kidney Injury in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.Kidney medicine · 2025Article
- Acute Kidney Injury, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Dementia: A Cohort Study of Patients from SPRINT.Kidney medicine · 2025Article
- Holistic Patient-Centered Outcomes in Post-Acute Kidney Injury Care: Physical, Emotional, Cognitive, and Social Outcomes.Advances in kidney disease and health · 2025Review
- Cognitive impairment in CKD patients: a guidance document by the CONNECT network.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Review
- Acute Kidney Injury and Its Association With Dementia and Specific Dementia Types: Findings From a Population-Based Study in Sweden.Neurology · 2024Article
- Neurodevelopment After Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury in Very Preterm-Birth Children.Kidney international reports · 2023Article
- Association between Acute Kidney Injury and Dementia: A Multi-Database Cohort Study.Kidney diseases (Basel, Switzerland)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
RATIONALE &
objectiveAcute kidney injury (AKI) causes biochemical changes in the brain in animal models and is associated with adverse neurological complications in hospitalized patients. This study tested the association between AKI and incident dementia in a community-based cohort. STUDY
designProspective cohort study. SETTING &
participantsAdult participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study who experienced hospitalized AKI compared with participants hospitalized for other reasons (primary analysis, mean follow-up period 4.3 years) or participants without hospitalized AKI (secondary analysis). PREDICTORS: Incident AKI, defined by ICD codes from hospital records. OUTCOME: Incident dementia, diagnosed based on a combination of neurocognitive testing, informant interviews, ICD codes, and death certificates. ANALYTICAL APPROACH: In the primary analysis, we estimated the propensity for hospitalized AKI and matched these participants with those hospitalized for another reason to examine the association of AKI with subsequent onset of dementia (N = 1,708). In the secondary analysis, we estimated the association between time-varying hospitalized AKI and subsequent onset of dementia using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models, adjusted for age, sex, race/center, education, smoking status, body mass index, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate, baseline urinary albumin-creatinine ratio, systolic blood pressure, coronary heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele, and C-reactive protein.
resultsThe mean age in the propensity-matched cohort was 76.1 ± 6.5 (SD) years, and 53.2% of the participants were women. People who were hospitalized with AKI had a higher risk of dementia (HR, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.02-1.52]; P = 0.03) compared with those without a hospitalization for AKI. The associations were slightly stronger in the time-varying analysis (HR, 1.69 [95% CI, 1.48-1.92]; P < 0.001). Other risk factors for dementia included older age, male sex, higher albuminuria, diabetes, current smoker status, and presence of the APOE risk alleles. LIMITATIONS: Observational study, with AKI identified through diagnosis codes.
conclusionsParticipants who experienced a hospitalization for AKI were at increased risk of dementia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.