ArticleAnnals of botany2023
Polyploidy on islands - concerted evolution and gene loss amid chromosomal stasis.
Article in Annals of botany, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Polyploidy: its consequences and enabling role in plant diversification and evolution.Annals of botany · 2023Article
- A roadmap of phylogenomic methods for studying polyploid plant genera.Applications in plant sciencesArticle
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6 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsPolyploidy is an important process that often generates genomic diversity within lineages, but it can also cause changes that result in loss of genomic material. Island lineages, while often polyploid, typically show chromosomal stasis but have not been investigated in detail regarding smaller-scale gene loss. Our aim was to investigate post-polyploidization genome dynamics in a chromosomally stable lineage of Malvaceae endemic to New Zealand.
methodsWe determined chromosome numbers and used fluorescence in situ hybridization to localize 18S and 5S rDNA. Gene sequencing of 18S rDNA, the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) with intervening 5.8S rDNA, and a low-copy nuclear gene, GBSSI-1, was undertaken to determine if gene loss occurred in the New Zealand lineage following polyploidy. KEY
resultsThe chromosome number for all species investigated was 2n = 42, with the first published report for the monotypic Australian genus Asterotrichion. The five species investigated all had two 5S rDNA signals localized interstitially on the long arm of one of the largest chromosome pairs. All species, except Plagianthus regius, had two 18S rDNA signals localized proximally on the short arm of one of the smallest chromosome pairs. Plagianthus regius had two additional 18S rDNA signals on a separate chromosome, giving a total of four. Sequencing of nuclear ribosomal 18S rDNA and the ITS cistron indicated loss of historical ribosomal repeats. Phylogenetic analysis of a low-copy nuclear gene, GBSSI-1, indicated that some lineages maintained three copies of the locus, while others have lost one or two copies.
conclusionsAlthough island endemic lineages show chromosomal stasis, with no additional changes in chromosome number, they may undergo smaller-scale processes of gene loss and concerted evolution ultimately leading to further genome restructuring and downsizing.
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