ArticleJCI insight2022
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid reveals factors contributing to the efficacy of PD-1 blockade in lung cancer.
Article in JCI insight, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07331701 (Association of BAL Fluid T-Cell Immune Activity With Tumor PD-L1 Expression and Its Prognostic Value), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Association of BAL Fluid T-Cell Immune Activity With Tumor PD-L1 Expression and Its Prognostic Value: A Prospective Observational Study
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibiotic adoption effects on nutrition and quality of life in lung cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy: A meta-analysis.Technology and health care : official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Postoperative infection risk factors in lung cancer patients after bronchoalveolar lavage.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Microbial Influence on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Non-Small Cell Carcinoma: The Gut-Lung-Immune Axis.Cancers · 2026Review
- Gut-Lung Microbiota Axis Shapes the Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapeutic Response in Lung Cancer.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Intratumoral Microbiota in Lung Cancer: Emerging Roles in TME Modulation and Immunotherapy Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Special Issue "Molecular Advances in Cancer Immunotherapy".International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Lung microbiome alterations correlate with immune imbalance in non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Recent advances in biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Lung Microbiome in Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Clinical significance of circulating biomarkers of immune-checkpoint molecules with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab therapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.Hepatology international · 2024Article
- Prognostic and predictive significance of soluble programmed death ligand 1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer.Translational lung cancer research · 2024Article
- Evolving insights into the improvement of adoptive T-cell immunotherapy through PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in the clinical spectrum of lung cancer.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Lung microbiome: new insights into the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Symbiotic microbial communities in various locations of the lung cancer respiratory tract along with potential host immunological processes affected.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid assessment facilitates precision medicine for lung cancer.Cancer biology & medicine · 2023Review
- The Gut Microbiome from a Biomarker to a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Immunotherapy Response in Patients with Lung Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Review
- Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response in NSCLC: Current Developments and Applicability.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- PD-1/PD-L1 axis in organ fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Microbial Biomarkers for Lung Cancer: Current Understandings and Limitations.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bronchoalveolar lavage is commonly performed to assess inflammation and identify responsible pathogens in lung diseases. Findings from bronchoalveolar lavage might be used to evaluate the immune profile of the lung tumor microenvironment (TME). To investigate whether bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis can help identify patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), BALF and blood were prospectively collected before initiating nivolumab. The secreted molecules, microbiome, and cellular profiles based on BALF and blood analysis of 12 patients were compared with regard to therapeutic effect. Compared with ICI nonresponders, responders showed significantly higher CXCL9 levels and a greater diversity of the lung microbiome profile in BALF, along with a greater frequency of the CD56+ subset in blood T cells, whereas no significant difference in PD-L1 expression was found in tumor cells. Antibiotic treatment in a preclinical lung cancer model significantly decreased CXCL9 in the lung TME, resulting in reduced sensitivity to anti-PD-1 antibody, which was reversed by CXCL9 induction in tumor cells. Thus, CXCL9 might be associated with the lung TME microbiome, and the balance of CXCL9 and lung TME microbiome could contribute to nivolumab sensitivity in patients with NSCLC. BALF analysis can help predict the efficacy of ICIs when performed along with currently approved examinations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.