ReviewParasite (Paris, France)2022
Confounding factors affecting faecal egg count reduction as a measure of anthelmintic efficacy.
Review in Parasite (Paris, France), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants in Southern Africa: a review and comparative analysis.Veterinary research communications · 2026Review
- Effect of Parasitic Infections on Hematological Profile, Reproductive and Productive Performance in Equines.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Perceptions on anthelmintic use and resistance development in goats under communal production systems.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Use of a Novel Real-Time PCR to Investigate Anthelmintic Efficacy AgainstVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Evaluation of nematode susceptibility and resistance to anthelmintic drugs with a WMicrotracker motility assay.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Treatment ineffectiveness towards Haemonchus contortus is highly prevalent in sheep and goat farms of North-Eastern Italy.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Sustainable worm control in ruminants in Europe: current perspectives.Animal frontiers : the review magazine of animal agriculture · 2024Article
- Periodicity ofJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2024Article
- First evaluation and detection of ivermectin resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats in South Darfur, Sudan.PloS one · 2024Article
- A comparative field efficacy trial of three treatment programs against endo- and ectoparasites in naturally infected dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Comparison of the Automated OvaCyte Telenostic Faecal Analyser versus the McMaster and Mini-FLOTAC Techniques in the Estimation of Helminth Faecal Egg Counts in Equine.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Multiple anthelmintic drug resistant Ancylostoma caninum in foxhounds.International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Low-cost molecular methods to characterise gastrointestinal nematode co-infections of goats in Africa.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- COMBAR - Combatting anthelmintic resistance in ruminants.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of Anthelmintic Treatments in Small Ruminants in Germany.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Increasing anthelmintic resistance (AR) in livestock has stimulated growing efforts to monitor anthelmintic effectiveness (AE) on livestock farms. On-farm assessment of AE relies on measuring the reduction in faecal egg count (FEC) following treatment; and if conducted rigorously, qualifies as a formal FEC reduction test (FECRT) for AR. Substantial research effort has been devoted to designing robust protocols for the FECRT and its statistical interpretation; however, a wide range of factors other than AR can affect FEC reduction on farms. These are not always possible to control, and can affect the outcome and repeatability of AE measurements and confound the on-farm classification of AR using FECRT. This review considers confounders of FEC reduction, focusing on gastrointestinal nematodes of ruminants, including host and parasite physiology and demography; pharmacokinetic variation between drugs, parasites and hosts; and technical performance. Drug formulation and delivery, host condition and diet, and seasonal variation in parasite species composition, can all affect AE and hence observed FEC reduction. Causes of variation in FEC reduction should be attenuated, but this is not always possible. Regular monitoring of AE can indicate a need to improve anthelmintic administration practices, and detect AR early in its progression. Careful interpretation of FEC reduction, however, taking into account possible confounders, is essential before attributing reduced FEC reduction to AR. Understanding of confounders of FEC reduction will complement advances in FECRT design and interpretation to provide measures of anthelmintic efficacy that are both rigorous and accessible.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.