ArticleJournal of neurovirology2022
The association between benzodiazepine use and greater risk of neurocognitive impairment is moderated by medical burden in people with HIV.
Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Long-term benzodiazepine use is associated with poorer cognitive function in schizophrenia: findings from the SALT-C cohort.BMC psychiatry · 2026Observational
- Polypharmacy in HIV: Rethinking what counts and why it matters.HIV medicine · 2026Review
- The Effects of Prescribed Medications on Depressive Symptoms and Neurocognitive Performance in People With HIV.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Sera from people with HIV and depression induce commensurate metabolic alterations in astrocytes: toward precision diagnoses and therapies.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2024Article
- Risk factors for suicide among veterans living with and without HIV: a nested case-control study.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Mechanisms underlying HIV-associated cognitive impairment and emerging therapies for its management.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2023Review
- Delirium among people aging with and without HIV: Role of alcohol and Neurocognitively active medications.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Benzodiazepine use is linked to neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in the general population and people with HIV (PWH); however, this relationship may depend on age-related factors such as medical comorbidities, which occur at an elevated rate and manifest earlier in PWH. We retrospectively examined whether chronological age or medical burden, a clinical marker for aging, moderated the relationship between benzodiazepine use and NCI in PWH. Participants were 435 PWH on antiretroviral therapy who underwent neurocognitive and medical evaluations, including self-reported current benzodiazepine use. A medical burden index score (proportion of accumulated multisystem deficits) was calculated from 28 medical deficits. Demographically corrected cognitive deficit scores from 15 neuropsychological tests were used to calculate global and domain-specific NCI based on established cut-offs. Logistic regressions separately modeled global and domain-specific NCI as a function of benzodiazepine x age and benzodiazepine x medical burden interactions, adjusting for current affective symptoms and HIV disease characteristics. A statistically significant benzodiazepine x medical burden interaction (p = .006) revealed that current benzodiazepine use increased odds of global NCI only among those who had a high medical burden (index score > 0.3 as indicated by the Johnson-Neyman analysis), which was driven by the domains of processing speed, motor, and verbal fluency. No age x benzodiazepine interactive effects on NCI were present. Findings suggest that the relationship between BZD use and NCI among PWH is specific to those with greater medical burden, which may be a greater risk factor for BZD-related NCI than chronological age.
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