ReviewNature reviews. Neurology2022
Vaccination and immunotherapies in neuroimmunological diseases.
Review in Nature reviews. Neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Vaccination of immunocompromised individuals: Expert opinion - update 2026].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Guideline
- ECTRIMS/EAN consensus on vaccination in people with multiple sclerosis: Improving immunization strategies in the era of highly active immunotherapeutic drugs.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Guidelines on Immunization of People with Chronic Neurological Disorders: A Systematic Review.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Personality Traits and Their Association With Medication Non-Adherence in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Prevention of neuroinfectious-diseases: high impact of vaccination programs - but the potential is not maxed out yet.Neurological research and practice · 2026Review
- Accurate Transcription Factor Activity Inference to Decipher Cell Identity from Single-Cell Transcriptomic Data with MetaTF.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Discrepancy Between Vaccination Willingness and Actual SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Status in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Longitudinal Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Trauma Burden Affected People with Multiple Sclerosis During SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Optimizing Drug Selection in Children with Multiple Sclerosis: What Do We Know and What Remains Unanswered?Paediatric drugs · 2025Review
- Engineered immunological niche directs therapeutic development in models of progressive multiple sclerosis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Myasthenia gravis and community-acquired pneumonia: therapeutic challenges.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Cellular and humoral vaccination response under immunotherapies-German consensus on vaccination strategies in neurological autoimmune diseases.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
- Identifying and reducing risks of neurological complications associated with vaccination.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2024Review
- Vaccine Safety and Immunogenicity in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis Treated With Natalizumab.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Somatosensory cortex and central amygdala regulate neuropathic pain-mediated peripheral immune response via vagal projections to the spleen.Nature neuroscience · 2024Article
- Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine-Induced Antibody Responses in Patients with Neuroimmunological Disorders: A Real-World Experience.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with multiple sclerosis who received SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and are under treatment with high-efficacy therapies in Argentina.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- TREM-2 Drives Development of Multiple Sclerosis by Promoting Pathogenic Th17 Polarization.Neuroscience bulletin · 2024Article
- Associations of myeloid cells with cellular and humoral responses following vaccinations in patients with neuroimmunological diseases.Nature communications · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neuroimmunological diseases and their treatment compromise the immune system, thereby increasing the risk of infections and serious illness. Consequently, vaccinations to protect against infections are an important part of the clinical management of these diseases. However, the wide variety of immunotherapies that are currently used to treat neuroimmunological disease - particularly multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders - can also impair immunological responses to vaccinations. In this Review, we discuss what is known about the effects of various immunotherapies on immunological responses to vaccines and what these effects mean for the safe and effective use of vaccines in patients with a neuroimmunological disease. The success of vaccination in patients receiving immunotherapy largely depends on the specific mode of action of the immunotherapy. To minimize the risk of infection when using immunotherapy, assessment of immune status and exclusion of underlying chronic infections before initiation of therapy are essential. Selection of the required vaccinations and leaving appropriate time intervals between vaccination and administration of immunotherapy can help to safeguard patients. We also discuss the rapidly evolving knowledge of how immunotherapies affect responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and how these effects should influence the management of patients on these therapies during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.