ArticleNature communications2022
Direct sound printing.
Article in Nature communications, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mechanism of Direct Acoustic Construction and Gradient Properties Tuning.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Reconfigurable acoustic tweezers based on a programmable droplet array.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- dECM bioinks for 3D bioprinted tumor models: Advances, challenges, and drug screening.iScience · 2026Review
- Thermoacoustic Curing Mechanism and Process Optimization in Non-Contact Ultrasonic 3D Printing.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Sonicated inks and focused-ultrasound writing enable deep-penetration acoustic volumetric printing.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- 3D biofabricated in vitro models as new approach methodologies for animal alternatives.npj biomedical innovations · 2026Review
- 3D Printing Strategies for Bioengineering Human Cornea.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- PEDOT:PSS-A Key Material for Bioelectronics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Acoustic Bioprinting: A Glimpse Into an Emerging Field.Small methods · 2026Review
- Proximal sound printing: direct 3D printing of microstructures on polymers.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- Acoustic printing of conductive polymers.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Adaptive and context-aware volumetric printing.Nature · 2025Article
- Fabrication of poly (ɛ-caprolactone) 3D scaffolds with controllable porosity using ultrasound.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Head and Neck 3D Bioprinting-A Review on Recent Advancements in Soft Tissue 3D Bioprinting and Medical Applications.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Review
- Enhancing Ultrasound Power Transfer: Efficiency, Acoustics, and Future Directions.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Engineered Living Systems Based on Gelatin: Design, Manufacturing, and Applications.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Ultrasound Cavitation Enables Rapid, Initiator-Free Fabrication of Tough Anti-Freezing Hydrogels.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Printing of Cantilevers and Millifluidic Devices Using Ultrasound Waves.3D printing and additive manufacturing · 2025Article
- Imaging-guided deep tissue in vivo sound printing.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Enabling three-dimensional architected materials across length scales and timescales.Nature materials · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Photo- and thermo-activated reactions are dominant in Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes for polymerization or melting/deposition of polymers. However, ultrasound activated sonochemical reactions present a unique way to generate hotspots in cavitation bubbles with extraordinary high temperature and pressure along with high heating and cooling rates which are out of reach for the current AM technologies. Here, we demonstrate 3D printing of structures using acoustic cavitation produced directly by focused ultrasound which creates sonochemical reactions in highly localized cavitation regions. Complex geometries with zero to varying porosities and 280 μm feature size are printed by our method, Direct Sound Printing (DSP), in a heat curing thermoset, Poly(dimethylsiloxane) that cannot be printed directly so far by any method. Sonochemiluminescnce, high speed imaging and process characterization experiments of DSP and potential applications such as remote distance printing are presented. Our method establishes an alternative route in AM using ultrasound as the energy source.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.