Observational studyBMJ open2022
Association of plasma apolipoproteins and levels of inflammation-related factors with different stages of Alzheimer's disease: a cross-sectional study.
Observational study in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03370744 (Prediction of Cognitive Decline by Neuroimaging Techniques and the Application in Diagnosis and Treatment of Preclinical AD), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Prediction of Cognitive Decline by Neuroimaging Techniques and the Application in Diagnosis and Treatment of Preclinical AD (Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline, SILCODE)
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- A world view: Considerations of sociocultural diversity in the study of subjective cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Complement C4b and factor B in astrocyte-derived exosomes as novel biomarkers for amnestic mild cognitive impairment.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Tracing neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration: insights from a scoping review on biofluid biomarkers.Brain communications · 2026Review
- Exploring the intersection of atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease: the role of inflammation and complement activation.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- Plasma Proteomic Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: A Longitudinal Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Subsequent correlated changes in complement component 3 and amyloid beta oligomers in the blood of patients with Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Roles of peripheral lipoproteins and cholesteryl ester transfer protein in the vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2023Review
- Proteomic investigation and biomarker identification of lung and spleen deficiency syndrome in HIV/AIDS immunological nonresponders.Journal of thoracic disease · 2023Article
- MCP-1 levels in astrocyte-derived exosomes are changed in preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Free complement and complement containing extracellular vesicles as potential biomarkers for neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Identification of anAlzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveBlood-based biomarkers for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are a 'Holy Grail' of AD research. Growing evidence shows that levels of apolipoproteins and various inflammation-related factors are altered in the peripheral blood of patients with AD. The purpose of this study was to clear and definite whether these biomarkers are differentially expressed at the early stages of AD, and could be a biomarker as an early diagnosis of the disease.
designObservation study.
settingThis study was a part of the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline, an ongoing prospective cohort study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03370744) that centres on Xuanwu Hospital (Beijing, China) in cooperation with an alliance of 94 hospitals from 50 cities across China.
participantsIn the present study, 416 right-handed Chinese Han subjects were recruited through standardised public advertisements from 2014 to 2019. OUTCOME MEASURES: Concentrations of plasma apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein CIII (ApoCIII), apolipoprotein E (ApoE), A-2-macroglobulin (A2M), complement C3 (C3) and complement factor H (FH) were determined using a commercial multiplex Luminex-based panel in normal controls (NC), subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment and AD groups.
resultsFor individual analysis, pairwise comparisons showed that: (1) For SCD versus NC, no biomarker showed significant difference; (2) For amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) versus NC, levels of ApoCIII, ApoE, A2M, C3 and FH increased significantly; and (3) For AD versus NC, amounts of C3 increased. For models differentiating clinical groups, discriminant analysis was performed by including all protein markers, age, sex, genotype and education level in the model. This approach could distinguish between patients with aMCI (area under the curve (AUC): 0.743) and AD (AUC: 0.837) from NC.
conclusionOur results suggest that concentrations of certain apolipoproteins and inflammation-related factors are altered at the early stage of AD, and could be useful biomarkers for early diagnosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03370744.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.