ArticleBMC genomics2022
Relationship and distribution of Salmonella enterica serovar I 4,[5],12:i:- strain sequences in the NCBI Pathogen Detection database.
Article in BMC genomics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transposon-insertion sequencing reveals NlpD as a vulnerability in intracellular survival and pathogenesis of Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial resistance surveillance and focused comparative genomics of clinicalMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Meat-Borne Bacterial Pathogen Detection: Conventional, Molecular and Emerging AI-Based Strategies.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Epidemiological, Phenotypic, and Genomic Characterization ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Oral fluids for detection and characterization ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Animal contact-related nontyphoidalFrontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Analysis of Multi-Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in U.S. Foodborne Pathogens (2015-2025) Using Data from the NCBI Pathogen Isolates Browser.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Localization of the origin of transfer for Salmonella genomic island 4 from Salmonella enterica serovar I 4,[5],12:i:.DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes · 2025Article
- Plasmid-driven clonal expansion of multidrug-resistant monophasicEmerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Dogs fed raw meat-based diets are vectors of drug-resistant Salmonella infection in humans.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Genomic insights of Salmonella isolated from dry fermented sausage production chains in Spain and France.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Multidrug resistance plasmids underlie clonal expansions and international spread of Salmonella enterica serotype 1,4,[5],12:i:- ST34 in Southeast Asia.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Spread ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOf the > 2600 Salmonella serovars, Salmonella enterica serovar I 4,[5],12:i:- (serovar I 4,[5],12:i:-) has emerged as one of the most common causes of human salmonellosis and the most frequent multidrug-resistant (MDR; resistance to ≥3 antimicrobial classes) nontyphoidal Salmonella serovar in the U.S. Serovar I 4,[5],12:i:- isolates have been described globally with resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, and tetracycline (R-type ASSuT) and an integrative and conjugative element with multi-metal tolerance named Salmonella Genomic Island 4 (SGI-4).
resultsWe analyzed 13,612 serovar I 4,[5],12:i:- strain sequences available in the NCBI Pathogen Detection database to determine global distribution, animal sources, presence of SGI-4, occurrence of R-type ASSuT, frequency of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and potential transmission clusters. Genome sequences for serovar I 4,[5],12:i:- strains represented 30 countries from 5 continents (North America, Europe, Asia, Oceania, and South America), but sequences from the United States (59%) and the United Kingdom (28%) were dominant. The metal tolerance island SGI-4 and the R-type ASSuT were present in 71 and 55% of serovar I 4,[5],12:i:- strain sequences, respectively. Sixty-five percent of strain sequences were MDR which correlates to serovar I 4,[5],12:i:- being the most frequent MDR serovar. The distribution of serovar I 4,[5],12:i:- strain sequences in the NCBI Pathogen Detection database suggests that swine-associated strain sequences were the most frequent food-animal source and were significantly more likely to contain the metal tolerance island SGI-4 and genes for MDR compared to all other animal-associated isolate sequences.
conclusionsOur study illustrates how analysis of genomic sequences from the NCBI Pathogen Detection database can be utilized to identify the prevalence of genetic features such as antimicrobial resistance, metal tolerance, and virulence genes that may be responsible for the successful emergence of bacterial foodborne pathogens.
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