ReviewFrontiers in allergy2021
Immunobiology of Steroid-Unresponsive Severe Asthma.
Review in Frontiers in allergy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- SM17, an anti-interleukin-17 receptor B antibody, ameliorates pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosisERJ open research · 2026Article
- Reprogramming Inflammatory Macrophages with Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators: A Novel Immunotherapeutic Strategy for Asthma.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Nrf2: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Glucocorticoid-Resistant Chronic Rhinosinusitis.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2026Review
- Inflammation and Immune Dysregulation Across Respiratory Diseases: From Cellular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Targets.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Formoterol, the Most Effective Bronchodilator, Has No Anti-Inflammatory nor Metabolic Modulatory Effects in Severe Asthma Induced by Aspergillus fumigatus.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Article
- LL-37 and citrullinated-LL-37 modulate IL-17A/F-mediated responses and selectively suppress Lipocalin-2 in bronchial epithelial cells.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2025Article
- Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress, Systemic Inflammation and Thrombosis in Adult Asthmatic Patients Treated with Inhaled Corticosteroids During Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Hyssopus cuspidatus volatile oil: a potential treatment for steroid-resistant asthma via inhibition of neutrophil extracellular traps.Chinese medicine · 2025Article
- Pharmacogenetics of childhood uncontrolled asthma.Expert review of clinical immunology · 2025Review
- The role of mTOR activation in steroid-resistant asthma: insights from particulate matter-induced mouse model and patient studies.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Article
- Benzo[a]pyrene exacerbates allergen-induced airway inflammation through NLRP3-dependent dendritic cell activation and pathogenic T helper cell polarization.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- BTLA agonist attenuates Th17-driven inflammation in a mouse model of steroid-resistant asthma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Microbiome modifications by steroids during viral exacerbation of asthma and in healthy mice.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2024Article
- Glucocorticoids, their uses, sexual dimorphisms, and diseases: new concepts, mechanisms, and discoveries.Physiological reviews · 2024Review
- The Neutralization of the Eosinophil Peroxidase Antibody Accelerates Eosinophilic Mucin Decomposition.Cells · 2023Article
- Airway Epithelium: A Neglected but Crucial Cell Type in Asthma Pathobiology.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Effects of Nebulized Inhaled Triptolide on Airway Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Asthma.Canadian respiratory journal · 2023Article
- Review
- Tight Junctions, the Epithelial Barrier, and Toll-like Receptor-4 During Lung Injury.Inflammation · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous respiratory disease characterized by airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation. Approximately 10% of asthma patients suffer from uncontrolled severe asthma (SA). A major difference between patients with SA from those with mild-to-moderate asthma is the resistance to common glucocorticoid treatments. Thus, steroid-unresponsive uncontrolled asthma is a hallmark of SA. An impediment in the development of new therapies for SA is a limited understanding of the range of immune responses and molecular networks that can contribute to the disease process. Typically SA is thought to be characterized by a Th2-low and Th17-high immunophenotype, accompanied by neutrophilic airway inflammation. However, Th2-mediated eosinophilic inflammation, as well as mixed Th1/Th17-mediated inflammation, is also described in SA. Thus, existing studies indicate that the immunophenotype of SA is diverse. This review attempts to summarize the interplay of different immune mediators and related mechanisms that are associated with airway inflammation and the immunobiology of SA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.