ArticleEndocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)2022
Associations of Phthalate Metabolites and Bisphenol A Levels with Obesity in Children: The Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) 2015 to 2017.
Article in Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exposure to phthalate and phenol mixtures and obesity in children and adolescents: the dominant role of bisphenol A.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Prenatal Phthalate Exposures and Adiposity Outcomes Trajectories: A Multivariate Bayesian Factor Regression Approach.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Phthalate and Nonphthalate Plasticizer Exposure among Children of Korea, Thailand, Indonesia, and Bangladesh: Occurrences and Risk Comparison.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Hidden link between endocrine-disrupting chemicals and pediatric obesity.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2025Article
- Toxic Effects of Exposure to Phthalates on Cardiac Injury Biomarkers: Evidence from NHANES 1999-2004.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Dietary bisphenols exposure as an influencing factor of body mass index.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2024Article
- Prospective association between phthalate exposure in childhood and liver function in adolescence: the Ewha Birth and Growth Cohort Study.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2023Article
- Levels of Bisphenol A and its analogs in nails, saliva, and urine of children: a case control study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundPhthalates and bisphenol A (BPA) are synthetic chemicals widely used in daily life. This study investigated urinary phthalate and BPA levels in Korean children and their associations with obesity.
methodsA total of 2,351 children aged 3 to 17 years who participated in the Korean National Environmental Health Survey 2015 to 2017 were included. Urinary dilution was corrected using covariate-adjusted standardization (CAS). We examined the geometric mean (GM) concentrations of urinary phthalate metabolites, including di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites (mono [2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl] phthalate, mono [2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl] phthalate, and mono [2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl] phthalate [MECPP]), mono-benzyl-phthalate (MBzP), mono (carboxyoctyl) phthalate (MCOP), mono (carboxy-isononyl) phthalate (MCNP), mono (3-carboxypropyl) phthalate, and mono-n-butyl-phthalate (MnBP), and BPA. We also analyzed the odds ratio (OR) for obesity according to the quartiles of each analyte.
resultsThe urinary GM levels of DEHP metabolites and MnBP were notably higher among Korean children than among American, Canadian, and German children. The CAS-applied GM concentrations of most analytes, except for MBzP, MCOP, and MCNP, were higher in children aged 3 to 5 years than in those aged 6 to 17 years. The OR for obesity in the highest quartile of MECPP was significantly higher than in the lowest quartile after adjusting for covariates. However, the other phthalate metabolites and BPA were not significantly associated with obesity.
conclusionThe concentrations of urinary DEHP metabolites and MnBP were higher in Korean children than in children in Western countries. Urinary MECPP exposure, but not other phthalates or BPA, showed a positive association with obesity in Korean children. Further studies are required to elucidate the causal relationships.
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